基于挥发油含量和抗菌活性的樟树叶最佳采摘期研究  

Research on Optimal Picking Time of Camphora Leaves on Content and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil

作　　者：叶强[1] 睢凤英[2] 张红玉[2] 殷红[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省人民医院,浙江杭州310014 [2]嘉兴学院医学院,浙江嘉兴314000 [3]浙江医学高等专科学校,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2014年第6期1420-1422,共3页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：浙江省大学生科技创新项目(2012R434003);浙江省卫生厅项目(2010KYA006)

摘　　要：目的:分析樟树叶挥发油在不同采摘时间段中含量成分及抗菌活性的变化,确定樟树叶的最佳采摘期,为合理开发综合利用樟树挥发油资源提供科学依据。方法:每月采集浙江杭州滨江高教园区的樟树叶,用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,测定总挥发油得率;用气相色谱归一化法测定龙脑樟脑的含量;用液体稀释法测定挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠和绿脓杆菌的最低抑菌浓度。结果:不同月份的樟树挥发油总含量最高3.0987%(4月)、最低0.8504%(5月);龙脑最高13.5910%%(6月)、最低0.4032%(5月);樟脑最高14.8126%(9月)、最低0.0172%(6月);不同月份的樟树挥发油对4种菌株的最低抑菌浓度有差异,以9月份的最好,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠具和绿脓杆菌的MIC(ul/mL)分别是:0.195、0.781、0.098、50.00。结论:综合考虑挥发油含量和抗菌活性两个因素,一年的最佳采摘期依次是9、10和4月份。Objective ： To analyze the changes of the content and antibacterial activity of the essential oil from Cinnamomum camphora leaves in different collect seasons. To determine the optimal picking time of camphor leaves and provide scientific basis for further expoitation and utilization on its resources. Methods： Camphora leaves were collected every month in higher education park of Binjiang district in Hangzhou city. The volatile oil was extracted by water - steam distillation and the extracting oil rate was calculated. The components were separated by GC and both camphor and menthol were quantitatively determined with normalization method. The minimal inhibitory concentrations （MICs） of essential oil against several bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were tested by dilution test. Results ： The highest yield of essential oil extracted was 3. 0987% in April and the lowest was 0.8504% in May. The highest yield of camphor was 13. 5910% % in June and the lowest was 0. 4032% in May. The highest yield of menthol was 14. 8126% in September and the lowest was 0. 0172% in June. The MICs of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil against four bacteria had differences in different months. The oil in September leaves had the optimal antibacterial effect, in which the MICs（μL/mL） on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 0. 195,0. 781,0. 098,50.00. Conclusion：Comprehensively considered of two factors on the content and antibacterial activity of essential oil, the optimal picking time in a year was September, October and April successively.

关 键 词：樟树 挥发油 MIC GC 最佳采摘期 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]