不同有机物料对土壤养分和酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Organic Material on Soil Nutrients and Enzyme Activity

作　　者：董志新[1] 卜玉山[1] 刘秀珍[1] 刘奋武[1] 张吴平[1] 续珍[2] 冀云[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷030801 [2]中国农业大学资源环境学院,北京100091

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期220-225,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省留学归国项目(2013-重点7);山西省攻关项目(20130313007-3)

摘　　要：为明确有机物料对土壤的改良效果,采用室内培养试验研究了牛粪、鸡粪、猪粪及污泥等有机物料对土壤养分和酶活性的影响。结果表明:供试有机物料均显著提高土壤养分含量,牛粪对提高土壤有机质含量效果最大,鸡粪和猪粪对提高土壤全氮、碱解氮和速效钾含量效果最好,污泥的效果次于畜禽粪便。有机物料处理明显提高了土壤脲酶、磷酸酶和蛋白酶活性,但对过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶的活性影响不大,其中,牛粪对提高土壤蔗糖酶活性效果较好,污泥对提高土壤磷酸酶活性效果较好。Study on the effects of organic materials （livestock and poultry waste,sludge,et al.） on soil nutrient and enzyme activity is important to clarify the effect of organic materials on soil improvement.An indoor culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of organic materials （such as cow muck,chicken manure,pig manure,and sludge） on soil nutrient and enzyme activity.The results showed that the experimental materials all significantly increased soil nutrients contents.Cow dung presented the best effect on increasing soil organic matter,and the effects of both chicken manure and pig manure were best in enhancing soil total nitrogen,alkali solution nitrogen,and rapidly-available potassium.The role of sludge was inferior to livestock and poultry dung.Organic materials significantly increased the activities of soil urease,phosphatase,and protease,but the effect on the activities of catalase and sucrase was minimum.The cow dung had better effect on improving soil invertase activity and sludge was better in soil phosphatase activity improvement.

关 键 词：有机物料 土壤养分 脲酶 磷酸酶 蛋白酶 蔗糖酶 过氧化氢酶 

分 类 号：S141.9[农业科学—肥料学]