孙甫与范祖禹史论比较研究  

Comparative Study on the Historical Criticism of Sun Fu and Fan Zu- yu

作　　者：张宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875

出　　处：《安徽史学》2014年第2期91-98,共8页Historical Research In Anhui

摘　　要：在撰述旨趣方面,孙甫与范祖禹都希望宋朝的统治集团能以唐为鉴,探讨治乱兴废的原因。但在价值取向方面,孙甫重事功而范祖禹则偏重于儒家伦理道德。对于唐朝致治之本的讨论,孙甫主要是以具体的历史经验予以说明,范祖禹则总结为"治由君子,乱由小人"之说。二人都有强烈的忧患意识,但是孙甫以防微杜渐为主,范祖禹则以防患未然为主。在评论人事方面,孙甫是从人情人性的角度出发,而范祖禹则以"义"、"礼"、"名"、"正"等儒家伦理和纲常秩序为标准。对于君臣关系的讨论,孙甫服膺法家的理念,要求君主对臣下保持威严,而范祖禹则要求君主对臣下应"御以至诚"。二人的史论还分别存在着持论偏颇和割裂史料强为史论等缺点。In respect of writing purport, both Sun Fu and Fan Zu - yu hoped the ruling group could take the history of Tang as a mirror to explore the cause of the stability and chaos. But in regard to value orientation, Sun Fu emphasized feats and achievelnents, while Fan Zu - yu paid more attention to Confucian ethics. Concrete historical experience was used by Sun Fu to explain the fundamental methods for Tang to become prosperous and stable, instead, Fan Zu - yu concluded the methods as Gentlemen make it stable; mean men make it chaos. They both had strong risk awareness. Sun Fu suggested niping an evil in the bud, while Fan Zu- yu suggested taking preventive measures. When colnmenting people, Stm Fu started with human na- ture and Fan Zu -yu set Confucian ethics and orders like Yi, Li, Ming, Zheng as the criteria. Sun Fu, deeply convinced of Legalism, requested the Monarch to uphold majesty. Yet Fan Zu - yu requested him to be sincere to his subordinates. Their historical criticism also had the disadvantages of bias and disrupting historical materials.

关 键 词：孙甫 范祖禹 《唐史论断》 《唐鉴》 史论 

分 类 号：K44[历史地理—历史学] K825.81[历史地理—世界史]