不同栽培模式下晚稻齐穗后的光合性能及其与产量的关系  

Photosynthetic Performance of Different Cultivation Patterns after Full Heading in Late Rice and its Relationship with Yield

作　　者：赵丽萍[1] 刘红梅[1] 黄光福[1] 蒋敏明[1] 谭文清[1] 唐启源[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《作物研究》2014年第2期126-131,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD04B00;2011BAD16B14)

摘　　要：通过栽培技术的集成设置了5种栽培模式(T1氮空白、T2当地常规、T3高产高效、T4超高产、T5高效超高产),采用随机区组试验设计,探索不同栽培模式下水稻齐穗后的光合性能(叶绿素含量、光合速率、叶绿素荧光)及其与产量的关系。结果表明:在齐穗后的20 d内,T2的叶绿素含量较T3、T4和T5含量高,而后其叶绿素含量较T3、T4和T5低;叶绿素荧光指标Y(NPQ)在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高26.1%,60%,18%,在齐穗后30 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高25.5%,32.3%,32.0%,非调节性能量耗散的量子产额在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2低5.6%,13.3%,0.9%,在齐穗后30 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2低5.1%,16.6%,0.8%;非光化学淬灭系数在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高34.9%,87.9%,21.1%,在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高38.0%,57.8%,34.8%;T3、T4和T5的产量分别比当地常规模式T2提高8.3%、14.6%和25.8%,并且T4和T5在5%和1%显著水平上都与T2差异显著。说明通过栽培技术的集成,可提高齐穗后叶片的光合性能,从而提高产量。Using randomized block design of experiment,the study was conducted to explore the photosynthetic performance of different cultivation methods after full heading and its relationship with yield through integrated nutrient and other agro-nomic management with five cultivation patterns（T1：blank control,T2：local traditional cultivation,T3：high-yield-and-efficiency cultivation,T4：super-yield cultivation,T5：high-efficiency-and-super-yield cultivation）. The results indi-cated that within 20 days after full heading,T2 had a higher chlorophyll contents than T3,T4 and T5,T3,T4 and T5 had a higher chlorophyll contents than T2 thereafter.Concerning the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Y（NPQ）,T3,T4 and T5 were 26.1%,60%and 1 8%higher than T2 respectively at 1 0 days after full heading,and 25.5%,32.3%and 32.0%high-er than T2 at 30 days after full heading. However,to the Y（NO）,T3,T4 and T5 were 5.6%,1 3.3%and 0.9%slower than T2 respectively at 1 0 days after full heading,and 5.1%,1 6.6% and 0.8% slower than T2 at 30 days after full head-ing.Referring to the non-photochemical quenching coefficient NPQ,T3,T4 and T5 were 34.9%,87.9%and 21.1%higher than T2 respectively at 1 0 days after full heading,and 38.0%,57.8%and 34.8%higher than T2 at 30 days after full head-ing.T3,T4 and T5 had increased by 8.3%,1 4.6 and 25.8%respectively than T2 and there were significant differences be-tween T4,T5 and T2 （at both P≤0.05 and P≤0.01 ）.Then it drew an conclusion that integrated cultivation methods could improve yield,which could be demonstrated by the photosynthetic performance after full heading.

关 键 词：水稻 栽培模式 光合作用 叶绿素 荧光 产量 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]