杉木人工混交林对土壤铝毒害的缓解作用  

Catabatic effect from artificial mixed plantation of Cunninghamia lanceolata on soil aluminum toxicity

作　　者：雷波[1] 刘彬[1] 罗承德[1] 张健[1] 薛元杰[2] 刘丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,雅安625014 [2]中国石油西南油气田分公司安全环保与技术监督研究院,成都610041

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第11期2884-2891,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"重大科技支撑计划课题(2006BAC01A11);四川农业大学创新团队计划(00370501)

摘　　要：以四川盆周山地现有杉木人工林为研究对象,在划分林分类型并采用因子分析建立地上部分树种指标系统的基础上,经主成分分析,建立铝毒害指标综合评价函数,应用典范相关分析探讨树种与土壤铝毒害两组变量的相关关系。结果表明:杉木人工林分成6种林分类型,其中杉木纯林、杉木+柳杉和杉木+茶树林仍遭受铝毒害,杉木长势差,而以杉木+木荷为主,混栽如栎(栗)类、毛泡桐、桤木、檫木等阔叶树种的林分类型,由于提高了土壤pH值、Ca含量,降低了土壤Al含量,因此未遭受铝毒害,或者铝毒害已得到不同程度的缓解,杉木长势相对较好;缓解铝毒效果明显的树种有木荷、毛竹、桤木、檫木、黄绒润楠、香樟、连香和青冈;从缓解铝毒害的角度,茶树和柳杉等不宜与杉木混交。Based on the division of stand types and the establishment of aboveground part species indicator system through factor analysis, the existing artificial mixed plantations of Cunninghamia lanceolata in Sichuan basin were treated as study objects. Through the method of principal component analysis, the comprehensive evaluation function of soil aluminum toxicity was established. Then applying the canonical correlation analysis, the correlation between the two variables of tree species and soil aluminum toxicity was researched. The results showed that the artificial mixed plantations of Cunninghamia lanceolata could be divided into six stand types,in which the ones composed by Cunninghamia lanceolata only, by Cunninghamia lanceolata and Cryptomeria fortune and by Cunninghamia lanceolata and Camellia sinensis still suffered from soil aluminum toxicity, the growing of Cunninghamia lanceolata was worse. While the ones composed mainly by Cunninghamia lanceolata and Schima superb mixed with some deciduous species such as Quercus（Castanea）, Paulownia tomentosa, Alnus cremastogyne and Sassafras tzumu had not suffered from soil aluminum toxicity or the soil aluminum toxicity in these stands had been reduced in different degrees because of the increasing of soil pH and Ca contents as well as the decreasing of soil Al contents, the growing of Cunninghamia lanceolata became better. Moreover, these tree species such as Schima superba, Phyllostachys heterocycla, Alnus cremastogyne, Sassafras tzumu, Machilus grijsii, Cinnamomum camphora, Cercidiphyllum japonicum and Cyclobalanopsis glauca had great effect on the remission of aluminum toxicity. While Camellia sinensis and Cryptomeria fortune should not be planted together with artificial plantation of Cunninghamia lanceolata from the perspective of alleviating aluminum toxicity.

关 键 词：杉木 人工混交林 铝毒害 缓解作用 林分类型 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]