2011～2012年农村小儿病毒性腹泻流行病学研究  

Epidemiological study on infantile viral diarrhea in rural areas from 2011 to 2012

作　　者：刘呈祥[1] 段招军[2] 刘娜[2] 郭建辉 张晓杰 白晓云 

机构地区：[1]河北省秦皇岛市中医医院儿科,066000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所 [3]河北省卢龙县疾病预防控制中心 [4]河北省卢龙县医院儿科

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2014年第18期2915-2917,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的了解河北省卢龙县引起儿童病毒性腹泻的主要病原组成、发病季节及临床特点。方法：2010年1月一2012年12月2年间，采集卢龙县医院共741例感染性腹泻住院患儿的粪便标本，用ELISA RT—PCR方法检测多种病毒，并进行流行病学调查，填写腹泻患儿调查表。结果：轮状病毒（RV）（＋）324例，占43．72％，人类杯状病毒（HuCV）（＋）170例，占22．94％，肠道腺病毒（EAdv）（＋）35例，占4．72％，星状病毒（Astrovirus）（＋）16例，占2．16％。混合病毒感染42例，占5．67％；HuCV的流行呈全年散发，冬春季节稍有增多；RV和HuCV引发肠道感染临床表现对比：发热：289／324和106／170，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．025），轻度脱水：224／324和146／170，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），中度脱水：82／324和22／170，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），重度脱水：18／324和2／170，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．025），休克10／324和2／170，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：2011年和2012年2年间，引起卢龙县儿童病毒性腹泻的主要病原组成依次为以RV、HuCV、EAdv和Astrovirus；多重病毒感染显著增加；RV和HuCV比较，流行季节不同，并且RV感染引起患儿发热和脱水程度高于HuCV感染。Objective To understand the main pathogens, onset seasons and clinical characteristics of infantile viral diarrhea inLulong County of Hebei province. Methods ： From January 2010 to December 2012, a total of 741 stool specimens were collected from children with infectious diarrhea in Lulong County Hospital, ELISA and RT - PCR were used to detect the species of viruses, and an epidemiological investigation was conducted, questionnaire was filled in by the children with diarrhea. Results： Among the children investigated, 324children were found with rotavirus, accounting for 43.72%, 170 children were found with human calicivirus （HuCV）, accounting for22.94% , 35 children were found with emetic adenovirus （EAdv） , accounting for 4. 72% , 16 children were found with astrovirus, accounting for 2. 16% ; 42 children were found with mixed viral infection, accounting for 5.67% ; the prevalence of HuCV was circulated throughoutthe year, which increased slightly in spring and winter; comparison of numbers of children with intestinal infection induced by RV andHuCV： fever （289/324 and 106/170） （ P 〈 0. 025 ）, mild dehydration （224/324 and 146/170） （ P 〉 0.05 ）, moderate dehydration （ 82/324 and 22/170） （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, severe dehydration （ 18/324 and 2/170 ） （ P 〈 0. 025 ）, shock （ 10/324 and 2/170 ） （ P 〉 0. 05 ） . Conclusion： From 2011 to 2012, the main pathogens of infantile viral diarrhea in Lulong county were RV, HuCV, EAdv and astrovirus; the inci-dence rate of multiple viral infection increases significantly, RV and HuCV are infected in different seasons; RV infection can induce feverand dehydration, and the degrees are higher than those of HuCV infection.

关 键 词：儿童 轮状病毒 人类杯状病毒 肠道腺病毒 星状病毒 腹泻 流行病学 临床研究 

分 类 号：R574.62[医药卫生—消化系统]