基于艺术体操国际评分规则变化个人项目难度动作发展策略研究  

Research on Development Strategy of Individual Event Difficulty Movement Based on Grade Rules Change of International Rhythmic Gymnastics

作　　者：王娟[1,2] 樊铭[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084 [2]北京理工大学体育部,北京100081

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2014年第5期123-127,共5页Journal of Beijing Sport University

摘　　要：选定难度动作为突破口,以提高我国艺术体操个人项目难度技术水平位目标。为我国艺术体操个人运动员难度动作的选择、编排、创新和训练提供理论依据。采用文献综述法、录像分析法、专家访谈法和数理统计法,对历届艺术体操项目的评分规则在难度动作方面的变化特点和中外艺术体操个人项目成套中难度动作的使用数量、类型、价值进行了深入研究和分析,找出差距,并提出应对策略。研究结论:1)2013—2016版规则中身体难度的变化,渗透着"以人为本、健康第一"的理念,使得艺术体操项目朝着可持续、健康的方向发展。2)身体难度取消柔韧类难度,身体难度动作数量再次减少,身体难度中新增舞步系列。3)结合旋转和抛的动力性动作计分方式与次数的变化;新增器械熟练性难度;鼓励更多使用各项器械的基本组动作。4)优先发展身体难度中旋转类难度;提升难度动作完成的艺术性;重视新增器械熟练性难度。Difficulty movement selection has been a breakthrough to improve difficult level of individual event ofChina Rhythmic Gymnastics. This research provided a theoretical foundation for difficulty movements＇ selection,choreography, innovation and practice of China rhythmic gymnasts. By the methods of literature review, video analysis, export interview and mathematic statistics, this paper analyzed grade rule change traits of difficulty movement i~ all previous rhythmic gymnastics events and quantity, type, value of complete set of difficulty movement inindiyidual event of Chinese and other nation＇ s athletes. We try to provide coping strategy after we found thegap. Conclusion： 1 ） Body difficulty changes in 2013 -2016 version rule was saturated with the concept of ＂peopleoriented, health first＂ and made the artistic gymnastics develop in the direction of sustainable and healthy. 2）The changes of body difficulty in new international grade rule included canceled the flexible class and reduced other motion quantity again, but increased series of dancing steps. 3） The changes of instruments use in rules included combining number of rotation and throw dynamic action grading method, adding equipment skilled difficulty,and encouraging more use of instruments basic actions. 4） The development strategy of individual difficulty movement included enhancing the value of rotational movement in body difficulty, improving artistry and paying moreattention to cultivate new add instruments proficiency difficulty.

关 键 词：艺术体操 评分规则 难度动作 发展策略 

分 类 号：G834[文化科学—体育训练]