肉骨粉和大豆分离蛋白替代鱼粉对黑鲷幼鱼消化性能及血清指标的影响  

Effects of replacing fish meal with mixture of meat and bone meal and soy protein isolate on digestive function and serum biochemistry parameters of juvenile black sea bream,Acanthopagrus schlegelii

作　　者：黎慧[1] 华颖[1] 陆静[1] 邵庆均[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2014年第1期43-48,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项重点农业项目(2011C12054)

摘　　要：肉骨粉和大豆分离蛋白以1∶1比例混合,分别替代0(CK)、15%(T1)、30%(T2)、45%(T3)、60%(T4)和75%(T5)鱼粉,配制6种等氮等能饲料,替代组添加包膜必需蛋氨酸、赖氨酸和精氨酸,使这3种氨基酸水平与CK组一致,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾黑鲷幼鱼,探讨肉骨粉和大豆分离蛋白替代鱼粉对黑鲷幼鱼消化性能及血清生化指标的影响。结果表明:当混合蛋白替代比例超过60%时,胃蛋白酶活性显著降低,而幽门、前肠及中肠胰蛋白酶活性无显著变化。胃和中肠肌层厚度随混合蛋白替代比例的增加而显著降低。干物质和粗蛋白消化率随混合蛋白替代比例的增加而显著降低。血清总蛋白、葡萄糖和三酰甘油含量随混合蛋白替代比例的增加均无显著变化,而总胆固醇则显著降低。血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性随混合蛋白替代比例的增加而显著增大。结果提示黑鲷幼鱼饲料中以1∶1比例混合肉骨粉和大豆分离蛋白可替代45%鱼粉而不影响其消化性能与生理健康。A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing fish meal with meat and bone meal （MBM） and soy protein isolate （SPI） （at a ratio of 1 ： 1） in diets on digestive function and serum biochemistry parameters of juvenile black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii. Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets in which the supply of protein from MBM and SPI was increased gradually from 0 to 75% with the interval of 15% （CK, T1, T2, T3, T4, TS） were formulated. The five diets were supplemented with three kinds of essential amino acid （Lys, Met and Arg） to equivalent contents as those of CK. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 20 fish per tank. The pepsin activity （up to 60%） was significantly influenced by MBM and SPI level, while protease activity in pyloric caecum, fore-gut and mid- gut were not significantly affected. A positive correlation was found between the decrease in muscular layer thickness of stomach, mid-gut and the dietary MBM and SPI level, and the thickness of those in diet CK was thicker than in diet T5 （P〈 0.05）. Apparent dry matter digestibility and apparent protein digestibility were significantly influenced by MBM and SPI level. No significant difference was found in contents of triacylglycerol, total protein and glucose, on contrast, total cholesterol content significantly decreased. However, the activity of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase （AST） and the glutamic-pyruvic transaminase （ALT） in serum increased significantly when MBM and SPI level increased. In conclusion, mixture of MBM and SPI was potential substitution of FM for juvenile black sea bream, and that could replace up to 45% of FM in diets without adverse effects in digestive function and physical health.

关 键 词：黑鲷 肉骨粉 大豆分离蛋白 血清生化指标 蛋白酶 表观消化率 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]