饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、免疫力和抗氧化功能的影响  

Effects of Dietary Bacillus subtilis on Growth Performance,Immunity and Anti-oxidation Function of Juvenile Genetic Improvement of Farmed Tilapia(GIFT,Oreochromis niloticus)

作　　者：程远[1] 黄凯[1] 黄秀芸 钟灵香[1] 武林华[1] 黄清[1] 唐丽宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第6期1503-1512,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31260640);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD25B04);广西"十二五"重大科技专项(1123010);广西科技攻关项目(0992014-2);广西南宁市科技攻关项目(201102100G)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、免疫力和抗氧化功能的影响，并确定其适宜的添加量。试验配制枯草芽孢杆菌添加量分别为0（对照组）、0.03%、0.06%、0.09%、0.12%、0.15%、0.18%（对应的实际活菌数分别为0.20×102、0.69×1010、1.38×1010、2.05×1010、2.82×1010、3.55×1010、4.23×1010 cfu/kg）的7组试验饲料，投喂初始体重为（0.43±0.02）g的吉富罗非鱼幼鱼56 d。每组3个重复，每个重复50尾鱼。结果表明：饲料中添加0.03%~0.18%枯草芽孢杆菌对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能的提高不显著（P〉0.05）。饲料中添加不同剂量枯草芽孢杆菌后，吉富罗非鱼幼鱼血清谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性及丙二醛（MDA）含量均有不同程度的降低，脾脏指数以及血清补体3（C3）含量，溶菌酶（LSZ）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性，总抗氧化力（T-AOC）均有不同程度的升高，且当饲料中枯草芽孢杆菌添加量为0.12%~0.18%时，作用效果达显著水平（P〈0.05）。用嗜水气单胞菌（Aeromonas hydrophila）对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼进行攻毒，168 h后发现，饲料中枯草芽孢杆菌添加量为0.09%~0.18%时，累计存活率显著提高（P〈0.05），并延迟了死亡时间。由此得出，饲料中添加0.12%~0.18%的枯草芽孢杆菌能够显著提高吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的免疫力和抗氧化功能，基于对枯草芽孢杆菌添加成本的考虑，综合认定其适宜添加量为0.12%，即2.82×1010 cfu/kg。The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, immunity and anti-oxidation function of juvenile genetic improvement of farmed tilapia （GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus）, and to find out the appropriate supplemental level of Bacillus subtilis in diets. Juvenile GIFT with an initial body weight of （0.43±0.02） g were fed 7 experimental diets supplemented with 0 （control group）, 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.09%, 0.12%, 0.15% and 0.18% （the corresponding actual living bacteria number was 0.20×102, 0.69×1010, 1.38×1010, 2.05×1010, 2.82×1010, 3.55×1010 and 4.23×1010 cfu/kg, respectively） Bacillus subtilis for 56 days, respectively. Each group had 3 replicates with 50 fish per replicate. The results showed as follows： the supplementation of 0.03% to 0.18% Bacillus subtilis had no significant effect on growth performance （P〉0.05）. After supplementing different levels of Bacillus subtilis in diets, the activities of aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and the content of maleic dialdehyde （MDA） in serum were declined at different degrees, while the spleen index and the content of complement 3 （C3）, the activities of lysozyme （LSZ）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） and catalase （CAT）, and total anti-oxidation capacity （T-AOC） in serum were enhanced at different degrees. When the Bacillus subtilis supplemental levels were 0.12% to 0.18%, the effects were significant （P〈0.05）. Cumulative survival rate in groups with the Bacillus subtilis supplemental levels of 0.09%, 0.12%, 0.15% and 0.18% was significantly improved after being challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila in 168 h （P〈0.05）, and the time of death was delayed. It is concluded that the supplementation of 0.12% to 0.18% Bacillus subtilis can improve the immunity and anti-oxidation function of juvenile GIFT. Considering the cost of adding Bacillus subtilis, the 0.12% （2.82×1010 cfu/kg）

关 键 词：枯草芽孢杆菌 吉富罗非鱼 生长性能 免疫力 抗氧化功能 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]