论西方现代乌托邦论者复兴乌托邦精神的若干路径  

On the Ways of Reviving the Spirits of Utopia Proposed by Western Modern Utopians

作　　者：李永虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学思政部,陕西西安710128

出　　处：《河海大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第2期20-25,90,共6页Journal of Hohai University：Philosophy and Social Sciences

摘　　要：面对现代性的"解放悖论",乌托邦理论在经历了马克思和恩格斯对空想社会主义的批判而消沉、甚至"死亡"之后,又重新引起西方现代乌托邦论者的极大兴趣。他们不仅为乌托邦思想存在的合理性和必要性作广泛的论证,还从若干路径出发,要求在这个普遍物化和异化的时代复兴乌托邦的批判和超越精神。这种理论倾向既与早期西方马克思主义文化、意识形态批判转向的理论渊源有关,同时也是现代乌托邦论者对马克思主义和社会主义作人本主义解读的结果,但是这些寻求"类"自由、正义的乌托邦路径,在其本质上是对科学社会主义学说的背离,因为脱离现实社会历史发展的进程所设想出的自由只是一种抽象的自由。In the face of the liberation paradox of modernity, many western modern Utopians show great interest in utopian theory,which is ignored or unnoticed by the public after Marx and Engels' s critique of Utopian socialism. They not only comprehensively demonstrate the rationality and necessity of Utopian thought, but also advocate the criticism and transcendence spirit of Utopian in the era of universal materialization and alienation. Such theoretical tendency reflects the early western Marxism' s diversion of culture and ideology critique and the humanistic interpretation of Marxism and socialism made by modern Utopians. However,the ways of seeking for species freedom and justice of Utopia break away from the doctrine of scientific socialism,because the envisaged freedom which separates from the real process of historical development is the abstract freedom.

关 键 词：现代乌托邦 乌托邦精神 具体乌托邦 科学社会主义 

分 类 号：B089.1[哲学宗教—哲学理论]