环境心理学视域下的佛寺建筑布局——以中国汉传佛寺为例  

On Architectural Layout of Chinese Buddhist Temples in the Perspective of Environmental Psychology

作　　者：卫春梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学哲学系

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2014年第2期44-51,共8页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：环境心理学主要研究环境(包括自然环境和社会环境)与人的心理状态、思维活动及生产行为等之间的关系。人是环境的一部分,环境决定论、相互作用论和相互渗透论分别解释了人的心理与环境的关系。佛寺选址、佛殿布局和佛像布局的最终意义是为了烘托出佛的威力,使佛在信奉者心中具有高大、威严、慈悲的形象。对信奉者而言,佛寺的一切布局都是外在于他的环境因素,这个外在的环境结合文化因素组成特定的心理场从而影响信奉者的心理和行为;而对佛寺选址、佛殿布局和佛像布局而言,同样也受到建造者社会文化心理与行为的影响。佛寺建筑布局体现出人的心理与环境关系的复杂性。Environmental psychology studies the relationships between environment and people＇s psychological state,thinking and behaviors. Environment includes natural environment and social environment. Human being is part of the environment. Environmental determinism,interaction theory and mutual penetration theory explain the relationships between people＇s psychology and the environment. The ultimate aim of deciding sites,halls layout and Buddhist figures layout of temples is to make the power of Buddha stand out,and to make Buddha taller,more dignified and more compassionate in the heart of believers. For believers,all the layouts of the Buddhist temples are their external environmental factors,which combined with the cultural factors construct a specific psychological field,thus affecting the psychology and behaviors of the believers. Buddhist temples＇ sites,halls layout and Buddhist figures layout are also affected by the social,cultural psychology and behaviors of the builders. The Buddhist temples＇ architectural layouts show the complexity of relationships between people＇s psychology and environment.

关 键 词：环境心理学 佛寺 佛殿布局 佛 

分 类 号：K878.6[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]