模拟480m饱和潜水条件下的潜水员体能评价  

Evaluation of physical performance of divers in the simulated 480 m heliox saturation dive

作　　者：陈锐勇[1] 闫硕[1] 姚健[1] 顾靖华[1] 张建[1] 何佳[1] 付国举[1] 汪家春[1] 陈杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军医学研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》2014年第2期80-83,共4页Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine

基　　金：全军后勤科研十一五计划重大项目（AHJ06J006）,海后卫生部科研基金项目（BHJ08JD003）,志谢 本研究项目全体工作人员及参试潜水员为本课题付出了辛勤劳动,给予了鼎力支持,特此致谢

摘　　要：目的 观察模拟480 m饱和潜水条件下潜水员运动时摄氧量的变化,探讨高气压对人体负荷能力的影响规律.方法 9名男性职业潜水员在干舱进行系列250 m、480 m模拟饱和潜水高气压暴露,分别在120、250、480 m采用MONARK874E自行车功率计进行30、60、90 W递增功率（每个功率持续3 min）的运动负荷.同时采集摄氧量数据,统计分析不同压力、不同负荷下摄氧量的变化.结果 在同一压力下,摄氧量随功率负荷增加而升高的趋势明显,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）.不同压力下氧利用率（ΔVO2/ΔW）没有差异（P＞0.05）.不同压力条件下,60 W以下的相同功率负荷摄氧量均表现出随压力升高而显著升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05或0.01）,但90W负荷下,480m的摄氧量仅与120 m有显著差异,与250 m没有显著差异.同一负荷下的摄氧量与深度呈正相关（P＜0.05）.结论 高气压下潜水员运动时的摄氧量随深度增大而增加,可导致有氧运动能力下降.在480 m压力环境下,相当于常压环境的中等劳动强度,可能已经达到人体有氧运动的极限.Objective To observe changes in the oxygen intake of the divers at high pressure,and also to investigate the effects of high pressure on aerobic exercise capacity of humans.Methods Nine male navy divers were recruited to perform the simulated saturation dives in the dry chamber.They had load exercises at 120 m,250 m and 480 m on the Monark 874E bicycle power meter at increments of 30 W,60 W and 90 W.The duration of exercise at each increment was 3 minutes.Oxygen intakes were recorded to analyze changes in oxygen intake at different workloads and different pressures.Results At the same pressure,oxygen intake of divers elevated with the increase of load（P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01）.No significant differences could be seen in oxygen consumption （ΔVO2/ΔW） at different pressures,at which the oxygen intake at a workload lower than 60 W elevated with the increase of depths,also with statistical significance （P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01）.However,with the workload of 90 W,while no differences could be noted in the oxygen intake at 250 m.Significant differences could be noticed in the oxygen intake at 480 m,when comparisons were made with that at 120 m.Oxygen intake at the same workloads was positively correlated to depths （P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusions At high pressures,oxygen intake of divers at exercise elevated with the increase of depths,which might result in reduction of their aerobic capacity under pressure.At 480 m,a workload equivalent to moderate workload at atmospheric pressure might reach the limit of human aerobic exercise capacity.

关 键 词：高气压 潜水员 摄氧量 运动负荷 

分 类 号：R842[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]