拔毛癖的临床表现、组织病理及皮肤镜特征  

Clinical,histopathology and dermoscopic characteristics of the patients with trichotillomania

作　　者：李水凤[1] 赵莹[1] 巩毓刚[1] 张小婷[1] 叶艳婷[1] 戚世玲[1] 张斌[1] 西兰[1] 蔡泽明[1] 杨建[1] 章星琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院皮肤科,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国麻风皮肤病杂志》2014年第6期352-355,共4页China Journal of Leprosy and Skin Diseases

摘　　要：目的:分析拔毛癖患者的临床表现、皮肤镜影像及组织病理特征。方法:收集46例拔毛癖患者临床资料,对其中36例患者毛发进行皮肤镜观察并与62例斑秃患者进行比较;对其中5例皮损进行病理活检。结果:46例拔毛癖患者中男女比例为1:1.88,平均年龄为11.74岁,最常见脱发部位为头顶部。拔毛癖皮肤镜下最常见表现为黑点征(94.44%)和断发(94.44%)。拔毛癖患者病理组织主要表现为退行期毛囊增多、色素管型、毛囊周围出血、毛软化,炎症轻微。结论:皮肤镜是诊断、鉴别诊断拔毛癖的有力工具,组织病理检查则有助于确诊。Objective： To analyze clinical histopathology and dermoscopic characteristics of the patients with trichotillomania. Methods：Clinical data of 46 patients with trichotillomania were collected and analyzed. The hairs of 36 cases with trichotillomania were observed under dermoscope and compared to the patients with alopecia areata. Histopathological features of 5 patients with trichotillomania were analyzed. Results： Among these 46 cases the male-female ratio was 1∶1.88 and the average age was 11.70 years old. The most common area of hair loss in trichotillomania was front head. The black spots （94.4%） and broken hair （94.4%） observed under dermoscope were the most common characteristics of trichotillomania. Pathological features in trichotillomania included increase in catagen follicles pigmented casts bleeding around follicles and hair softening with mild inflammation. Conclusion：Dermoscope is a powerful non-invasive tool for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of trichotillomania. The diagnosis can be confirmed by histopathology.

关 键 词：拔毛癖 皮肤镜影像 组织病理 

分 类 号：R749.99[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]