不同改良年限对银川平原盐碱地土壤微生物区系及多样性的影响  

Study on Microbial Flora and Diversity in Saline-alkali Soil Improved for Different Years in Yinchuan Plain

作　　者：柯英[1] 李凤霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2014年第6期75-79,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40961020)

摘　　要：采用平板稀释法和Biolog微生物鉴定系统对银川平原盐碱地土壤改良10a、5a、2a、0a(未改良)4个处理土壤微生物区系、微生物多样性进行研究。结果表明:盐碱地改良有效促进了土壤微生物数量的增加,土壤细菌、微生物总数表现为改良10a处理>改良5a处理>改良2a处理>未改良处理;土壤放线菌数量表现为改良10a处理>改良2a处理>改良5a处理>未改良处理;土壤真菌数量表现为改良5a处理>改良2a处理>改良10a处理>未改良处理。盐碱地改良一段时间(2a)后,土壤微生物群落结构发生明显变化,土壤环境逐渐好转,其微生物群落由单一的耐盐碱细菌结构逐步向多个微生物类群结构转变。盐碱地改良提高了土壤微生物群落总碳源利用能力,表现为改良2a处理>改良10a处理>改良5a处理>未改良处理,其中改良2a处理的土壤微生物群落对羧酸类、氨基酸类、酚类和胺类碳源的利用能力最高,改良10a处理的土壤微生物群落对聚合物类和碳水化合物碳源的利用能力最高。Microflora and microbial diversity in saline-alkali soil improved for ten years（A）, five years（B） ,two years（C）,zero year（CK） were studied using the plate dilution method and Biolog microbial identification system in Yinchuan plain. The results showed that the improvement of saline-alkali soil effectively increased the microbial quantity, the number order of bacteria and total microorganism was A〉B〉C〉D;the number order of actinomycete was A〉C〉B 〉D;the number order of fungi was B〉C〉A〉D. The soil microbial structure was changed significantly, the soil environment was improved, and the microbial community structure was changed from single bacteria group structrue to multiple microbial groups structure. The improvement of saline-alkali soil increased total carbon source utilization ability of microbial community, the order was C〉A〉B〉D. The polymer and carbohydrate utilization ability of microbial community in salinealkali soil improved for ten years were highest, the carboxylic acid, amine, amino acids, carbon source utilization ability of microbial community in saline-alkali soil improved years were highest.

关 键 词：银川平原 盐碱地 微生物区系 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]