146例先天性白内障发生的相关因素分析  

Analysis on the risk factors of congenital cataract in 146 cases

作　　者：罗琪[1] 周炼红[1] 田明星[1] 易贝茜 叶美红[1] 徐永红[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院眼科,430060

出　　处：《临床眼科杂志》2014年第3期230-233,共4页Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology

基　　金：武汉大学人民医院公益性行业科研专项项目(201302015)

摘　　要：目的探讨先天性白内障发生的危险因素,为防治先天性白内障提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究设计。收集2010年1月至2013年4月武汉大学人民医院确诊的先天性白内障患者146例,选取儿科体检的正常儿童584例作为对照组,采用χ2检验比较先天性白内障白组与对照组在既往史、家族遗传史、个人史及临床表现等方面的差异,采用多因素logistic回归分析提取主要危险因素。结果白内障组的平均出生胎龄为(30.58±1.97)周,明显低于对照组(36.56±2.00)周,差异有统计学意义(t=3.90,P<0.01);白内障组的平均出生体重为(1388.89±268.39)g,明显低于对照组平均出生体重为(2173.91±349.73)g,差异有统计学意义(t=4.45,P<O.01);单因素分析提示,早产(χ2=40.061,P<0.05)、低体重(χ2=26.809,P<0.05)、家族遗传史(χ2=102.004,P<0.05)、持续吸氧(χ2=31.667,P<0.05)、孕期感染(χ2=6.410,P<0.05)与先天性白内障的发生密切相关。多因素logistic回归分析表明,出生胎龄(χ2=8.314,OR值为1.998,P<0.05)、出生体重(χ2=26.809,OR值为3.375,P<0.05)、孕期感染(χ2=6.410,OR值为2.091,P<0.05)、家族遗传(χ2=97.113,OR值为16.977,P<0.05)是先天性白内障的主要危险因素。出生体重越低,出生胎龄越小,有孕期感染、家族遗传史,先天性白内障的发生率越高。结论早产、低体重、家族遗传史、持续吸氧、孕期感染与先天性白内障的发生密切相关。早产、低体重、孕期感染、家族遗传是先天性白内障的主要危险因素;先天性白内障患者常合并其他眼部异常。Objective To explore the risk factors and clinical characteristics of congenital cataract , and to provide the information for prevention and treatment of congenital cataract .Methods Case control study was conducted in 146 pa-tients with congenital cataract diagnosed between January 2010 and April 2013 and 584 controls.Patients’ data were col-lected from Department of Ophthalmology , People’s Hospital of Wuhan University .Disease history, cataract family histo-ry, personal history , clinical manifestations and complications were reviewed .The difference between these two groups was analyzed.Results The average gestational age at birth for control group was 36.56 ±2.00 weeks, which was significantly larger than average gestational age of the patients （30.58 ±1.97 weeks;t =3.90, P 〈0.01） ;The average birth weight was 2173.91 ±349.73 g in control group, which is also significantly higher than that in patients group （1388.89 ±268.89 g;t =4.45, P 〈0.01）.Single factor analysis suggested that preterm birth , family history, low weight, duration of postna-tal oxygen treatment , and infection during pregnancy were independent factors associated with congenital cataract .Multifac-tor logistic regression analysis revealed that gestational age （χ2 =8.314, OR=1.998, P 〈0.05）, birth weight （χ2 =26.809, OR=3.375, P 〈0.05）, infection during pregnancy （χ2 =11.127, OR=2.638, P 〈0.05） and family history （χ2 =102.004, OR=16.977, P 〈0.05） were the main risk factors of congenital cataracts .Conclusion Preterm, low weight , infection during pregnancy and family history were the main risk factors of congenital cataract .Preterm birth, fami-ly history, low birth weight, duration of postnatal oxygen treatment , and infection during pregnancy were independent fac-tors associated with congenital cataract .Comorbidity with other ocular anomalies is

关 键 词：先天性白内障 危险因素 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R776.1[医药卫生—眼科]