成绵高速公路两侧土壤中4种重金属的污染特征及分布规律  

Feature and distributive regularity of the 4 heavy-metal pollution in the roadside soil along the Chengdu-Mianyang Expressway

作　　者：罗娅君[1] 王照丽 张露[1] 未兴波 

机构地区：[1]绵阳师范学院化学与化学工程学院,四川绵阳621000 [2]成都市环境保护研究院,成都610065

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第3期283-287,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：对成绵高速公路两侧土壤中4种重金属（Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd）的质量比进行了测定，分析了其污染特征和分布规律，并利用单因子指数法和内梅罗综合指数法对土壤重金属污染程度进行了评价。结果表明：分析路段Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd的平均单项指数分别为0.52、0.37、2.33、3.18，Cu、Zn污染等级为安全，Pb为中度污染，Cd为重度污染。分析路段为东北至西南走向，路段南北两侧综合污染指数从大到小为南侧无防护林段（3.36）、南侧有防护林段（2.39）、北侧有防护林段（1.87），北侧为轻污染，南侧有防护林段为中污染，南侧无防护林段为重污染，防护林可有效降低高速公路上车辆对路旁土壤造成的重金属污染。Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的质量比在路基两侧随公路路基距离的增加变化较大，除南侧无防护林的Cu外，其余路段分布趋势基本一致，峰值出现在35-50 m，随后逐渐降低，并不呈现简单的线性负相关。This article is concerned about an analysis of the features and distributive regularities of the 4 heavy-metal pollution in the roadside soil along the Chengdu-Mianyang Expressway. For our work, we have investigated and measured the contents of the 4 heavy metals （Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd） in the roadside soils along the expressway by using the AAS, and then analyzed their pollution features and distributive regularities by using the single factor index and the Nemrow composite pollution index for assessing the pollution degree to the soil. The results of our investigation and analysis show that the average single factor index of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd has been worked out at about 0.52, 0.37, 2.33 and 3.18 respectively, with the pollution degree being ordered in a sequence of Cu and Zn as ＂safe＂, Pb as ＂moderate＂ and Cd as ＂heavy＂. The composite pollution index along the roadside from the south to the north can be found following the next order： non-shelterbelt section of the southern side （3.36）, shelterbelt section of southern side （2.39）, and the shelterbelt section of the northern side （1.87）. As to the pollution degree, in comparison with the northern side, the southern side with shelterbelt and the southern side without shelterbelt can be ranked as ＂light＂, ＂medium＂ and ＂heavy＂, respectively. It indicates that the shelterbelt can effectively reduce the heavy metal pollution of the soil caused by the vehicles. In comparison to the northern side, the southern side with shelterbelt and the southern side without shelterbelt can be ranked as ＂light＂, ＂medium＂ and ＂heavy＂, respectively. It has made us believe that the shelterbelt can effectively reduce part of heavy metal pollution to the soil caused by the vehicles. In addition, the concentration of four heavy metals （Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd） in the roadside soil has been found decreasing with the increase of the distance from the road. The distribution trends of the said four metals in the soil of particular sections are

关 键 词：环境科学技术基础学科 成绵高速公路 重金属 污染特征 分布规律 

分 类 号：X1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]