视力及视野损害与交通事故  

Visual function damage and driving accidents

作　　者：胡爱莲[1] 杨晓慧[1] 孙葆忱[1] 郑远远[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院北京同仁眼科中心北京市眼科研究所WHO防盲合作中心,100005

出　　处：《国际眼科纵览》2014年第3期145-149,共5页International Review of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：视力和视野是安全驾驶的必要条件.各国获取驾驶执照对视力和视野要求不同,但大多数国家视力标准为双眼视力不能低于0.5,水平视野为120°.在过去20年里,大量的研究关注视觉在驾驶中所起的作用,视觉损害对发生交通事故的影响.较早期的研究证明,视觉损害可使事故增加,视觉与事故有明显的相关性.但近期大量的研究认为较好视觉与较差视觉相比事故发生率无差别,因而认为视觉与交通事故无明显相关.上述两种研究结果互相矛盾,可能是由于安全驾驶是需要人、车及环境因素成功地整合及参与才能完成.因此,建议今后关于安全驾驶的研究除视觉外,尚需考虑其他因素.Visual acuity and visual field is a necessary condition for safe driving.The current licensing authority＇s visual acuity and visual field standards are different in different country.The current licensing authority＇s visual acuity and visual field standards are met when a person demonstrates visual acuity better than 0.5 and an intact visual field extending horizontally at least 120 degrees in many countries.In the past two decades,a lot of researches have focused on the effects of vision on driving,the link between impaired vision and driving accident.These results concur with previous literature that driving accidents for drivers with impaired vision more than those with good vision and there was obvious significant correlation between visual acuity and the accidents.Recent studies have shown that there＇re no difference in driving accidents between drivers with impaired vision and those with good vision.Therefore someone believes the driving accident was no significant correlation with visual function.These two contradictory findings may be due to safe driving is integration of a variety of factors such as people,vehicles and environmental factors.Future research for safe driving should involve not only the visual function,but other factors.

关 键 词：视力损害 视野缺损 交通事故 

分 类 号：R771[医药卫生—眼科]