“屠母分尸”隐含的夏人历史传说与神话底本  

Historical Legends and Myth Master Copies in Xia Dynasty Implied in“Tu Mu Fen Shi”

作　　者：张开焱[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北师范学院文学院,湖北黄石435002

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2014年第3期24-29,共6页Research of Chinese Literature

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目"世界祖宗型神话--中国上古创世神话叙事原型重构"(09YJA751023);湖北省教育厅人文社科基金项目"世界父母型神话--中国上古创世神话叙事原型重构"(2009y121)系列成果之一

摘　　要：历代学者对屈原《天问》"启棘宾商"等四句诗的注释均未得其真意,当代学者从文化人类学角度的解释提供了丰富启示,也存在一些问题。在屈原那里,这几句诗的本意是:勤勉贤劳的启上祭九天、封邦建国、制作并演奏神圣盛大的乐舞《九辩》、《九歌》,功劳至伟,然何以曾经有屠杀其母、分尸四境的恶行?屈原的困惑表现出他尚看到或听闻启屠母分尸的故事碎片。这个故事碎片可能与夏启开创夏朝、封邦建国的历史传说相关,而这个历史传说的终极底本来自于遥远的夏人创世神话,是夏人创世神话的最后一环。All scholars in previous dynasties gave annotations to four verses in Qu Yuan＇s TianWen, including ＂Qi held a grand worship ceremony＂ which did not get their real meanings, the interpretation of the contemporary scholars from the perspective of cul- tural anthropology provides rich enlightenment, and there are some problems. In Qu Yuan＇s view, the meanings of the verses are： Qi had been working industriously and holding a memorial ceremony for nine days, sealing bond＇s founding, producing and playing the divine＂ grand music-accompanied dance Nine Distinguishes and Nine Songs, setting a great contribution, but why having the evil deeds of killing his mother and dismembering her body around Qu Yuan＇s confusion showed he just saw or heard the fragments of the story that Qi killed his mother. This story fragments may be related to Xia Qi initiating Xia dynasty, the sealing of the founding of the bond, and the ultimate master copy of the historical legends was from the distant Xia people＇s creation myths which was the last link of the Xia people＇s creation myths.

关 键 词：《天问》 屠母分尸 封邦建国 夏人 创世神话 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]