鲈鱼口服生物胶囊疫苗的研究  

Oral vaccination of Seaperch (Lateolabrax japonicus) , Against Vibrio anguillarum Using Bioencapsulated Vaccine

作　　者：余俊红[1] 纪伟尚[1] 徐怀恕[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋大学生命学院,青岛266003

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2001年第3期15-18,共4页Chinese High Technology Letters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!(39870 5 81);973计划 !(G1999.0 12 .0 0 4)资助项目

摘　　要：以暴发弧菌病的鲈鱼 (Lateolabraxjaponicus)鱼苗体内分离的 1株病原菌W 1(Vibrioanguillarum)为材料 ,分别以直接浸浴法、创伤后浸浴法和肌肉注射法人工感染鲈鱼鱼苗。结果表明 ,这三种感染方式均能使鲈鱼发病 ,其半致死浓度 (LD50 )分别为2 75× 10 7cfu/ml ,4 .68× 10 6cfu/ml和 3.72× 10 5cfu/尾。在此基础上 ,分别以福尔马林灭活法和喷雾干燥法制备了全细胞疫苗和微胶囊疫苗。将全细胞疫苗及微胶囊疫苗以直接拌入饵料法和卤虫携带法等两种方法口服免疫接种鲈鱼鱼苗 ,一周后以W 1活菌攻毒( 2 50× 10 6cfu/尾 )。结果表明 ,各免疫组一周的累积死亡率远低于两组对照组 ( 95% )。其中 ,以卤虫携带的生物微胶囊疫苗组的一周累积死亡率最低 ,为 2 5.0 % ;以卤虫携带的生物全细胞疫苗组的一周累积死亡率较高 ,为 60 .0 %。因而 ,以卤虫携带的生物胶囊疫苗组的免疫保护力最高 ,为 73.7% ,其次为微胶囊疫苗直接投喂组 ,保护力为 56.8%。直接投喂和卤虫携带法的全细胞疫苗也显示了一定的免疫效果 ,其免疫保护力分别为 52 .6%和 36.8%。Challenge tests to sea perch fries challenged by the virulent strain of Vibrio anguillarum (W 1) initially isolated from diseased sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) were investigated. The fries were seriously infected by the means of bacterial bath, bacterial bath after injury, injecting by muscle, their LD 50 were 2.75×10 7cfu/ml, 4.68×10 6cfu/ml and 3.72×10 5cfu/fish, respectively. Then, the health sea perch fry were orally vaccinated for 5days consecutively using two vaccines by the means of adding directly into food or bioencapsulation of Artemia nauplii. The two vaccines, one is the microcapsulated vaccine (MC), the other is whole cell bacterin (WC). The results showed the cumulative mortality of all 4 vaccine groups were rather lower than those of control groups. The group of Artemia nauplii carrying microcapsulated vaccine had the highest relative percentage survival (RPS) in the all 4 vaccine groups after a challenge test by injecting viable W 1 a week later, was 73 7%, the group of microcapsulated vaccine by adding directly into food was the second, its RPS was 56.8%. The rest two whole cell bacterin groups, one was directly adding into food, the other was carried by Artemia nauplii, their RPS were 52.6%, 36.8% respectively.

关 键 词：鲈鱼 鳗弧菌 口服疫苗 生物胶囊 卤虫 

分 类 号：S948[农业科学—水产养殖]