硬粒小麦、提莫菲维小麦与四倍体长穗偃麦草属间杂种的形态和细胞遗传学研究  

Morphology and Cytogenetics of Intergeneric Hybrids of Crossing Triticum durum and T. timopheevi with Tetraploid Elytrigia elongata

作　　者：韩方普[1] 李集临[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生物系,150080

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》1993年第1期44-49,T001,共7页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：首次获得硬粒小麦(Triticum durum Desf)、提莫菲维小麦(T.timopheevi Zhuk)与四倍体长穗偃麦草(tetraploid Elytrigia elongata)的属间杂种,杂交当代结实率分别为5.29%和1.41%。杂种均表现为多年生,具很强的生活力,形态上呈双亲中间类型。杂种F_1自交不育,用普通小麦、硬粒小麦回交,以硬粒小麦为母本的F_1均获得杂交种子。杂种F_1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体配对构型分别为:13.78Ⅰ+6.87Ⅱ+0.147Ⅲ、9.10Ⅰ+9.11Ⅱ+0.20Ⅲ,F_1形成的二价体主要是四倍体长穗偃麦草染色体之间配对所致,并推测四倍体长穗偃麦草具促进小麦部分同源染色体配对或抑制小麦ph基因作用的特殊遗传系统。In two crossing combinations, Triticum timophcevi X Elytrigia elongata 4x and Triticum durum × Elytrigia elongata 4x, the hybrids were obtained at 5.29 and 1.41 percent of pollinated florets, and the chromosome configuration at first meiotic metaphase in Fi plants were-9.10Ⅰ+9.11Ⅱ + 0.20Ⅲ and 13.78Ⅰ + 6.87Ⅱ + 0.15Ⅲ, respectively. Chromosome association was likely due to autosyndesis between E1 and E2 genomes of E. elongata 4x. It is concluded that special system promoting homoeologous pairing or supressing ph gene is present in Elyrrieia elongata 4x.

关 键 词：硬粒小麦 提莫菲维小麦 四倍体长穗偃麦草 属间杂种 同亲配对 二倍体化 形态 细胞遗传 

分 类 号：S512.103[农业科学—作物学]