杂种小麦籽粒蛋白质含量和面团流变特性在F_1和F_2世代中的表现  

Manifestation on Grain Protein Contents and Dough Rheological Characters of Hybrid Wheats in F_1 and F_2 Generations

作　　者：梁荣奇[1] 郝贵霞[1] 尤明山[1] 宋印明[1] 张爱民[1] 刘广田[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学作物学院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2001年第1期23-29,共7页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目! (39930 11)

摘　　要：选用 6个 T型不育系及其相应的保持系与 5个恢复系配制了 30个 T质杂种和 30个相应的 A质杂种、选用 4个 K型不育系及其保持系与 2个 K型恢复系配制了 8个 K质杂种和 8个相应的 A质杂种、选用 6个普通品种配制了 5个化杀组合 ,以研究杂种小麦籽粒的蛋白质含量和面团流变特性在 F1和 F2 中的表现。结果表明 :1胞质杂种 F1和 F2 籽粒蛋白含量均呈近正态分布 ;78%的组合 F1籽粒以超高亲为主 ,12 %的组合表现倾高亲 ;F2 籽粒以超高亲和偏高亲为主 ,约有 2 5%的组合表现近中亲。普通品种间的化杀杂种 F1籽粒以偏高亲和超高亲为主 ,F2 籽粒以近中亲和偏高亲为主。 2 T质杂种和相应 A质杂种的蛋白含量在 F1代差异不显著 ,但在 F2 代 T型胞质可显著提高籽粒蛋白含量 ;K型胞质可显著提高杂种籽粒 F1和 F2 的蛋白质含量。 3T型胞质可提高杂种小麦的面团流变特性 ;K型胞质使面团流变特性变劣。普通品种间的化杀杂种 F1和 F2 的面团流变特性都介于双亲之间 ,某些组合如早优 50 4×核生 2号组合的 F2 杂种表现倾高亲早优 50 4。Seventy six CMS (cytoplasm male sterile) hybrids were obtained from six T type sterile lines and four K type sterile lines, and five hybrids from six common wheat cultivars, with the objectives to understand the expression of grain protein contents and dough rheological characters of hybrid wheats in F 1 and F 2 generations. The results showed that: ①Grain protein contents of CMS hybrids in F 1 and F 2 were very close to normal distribution. Contents of hybrids of 78% crosses exceeded their high parents, while 12% crosses hybrids were close to their high parents. F 1 of CHA hybrids have contents near or above their high parents, and F 2 have contents close to their high parents or close to their parents average value in F 2. ②No difference of protein content was observed between T type cytoplasm and its respective A type cytoplasm hybrids in F 1 generation, but in F 2 T type cytoplasm manifested themselves being more higher protein content. K type cytoplasm could remarkably improve the protein content both in F 1 and in F 2. ③T type cytoplasm could improve the dough rheological characters of hybrid wheat, on the contrary, K type reduce those characters. Dough rheological value of CHA hybrid wheat were in between of their parents; the characters of hybrids of Zaoyou504×Hesheng2 in F 2 approached to their higher contented parent Zaoyou504.

关 键 词：杂种小麦 籽粒蛋白质含量 面团流变特性 杂种一代 杂种二代 品质性状 

分 类 号：S512.103.5[农业科学—作物学]