恶性肿瘤患者化疗后医院肺炎发病与预后的相关因素  

Correlated factors of pneumonia in the hospital in patients with neoplasm after chemotherapy

作　　者：李岩[1] 郭桂月[1] 刘昌俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]千佛山医院肿瘤免疫科,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国癌症杂志》2001年第2期155-156,共2页China Oncology

摘　　要：目的 :研究肿瘤患者化疗后医院肺炎的发病率、致病菌和预后的相关因素。方法 :以常规方法留痰培养 ,使用梅里埃细菌全自动鉴定系统鉴定细菌 ,并用Kirby Bautr法做普通药敏试验。结果 :2 7 3%的患者化疗后发热 ,11 3%的患者发生肺炎。 6 8份阳性培养共检出 13个菌属 ,72株细菌和两种霉菌。单一细菌的感染率为76 5 % ,两种细菌的感染率为 2 3 5 % ,合并霉菌感染率为 2 2 1%。革兰氏阴性菌的感染率显著高于革兰氏阳性菌(P <0 0 1)。结论 :肿瘤患者化疗后医院肺炎发病率较高 ,其致病菌绝大多数为革兰氏阴性菌 ,而且多数对氨基苷类抗生素、哌拉西林和诺氟沙星敏感。Purpose:To study the incidence of pneumonia, pathogenic bacteria and prognosis in patients with neoplasm after chemotherapy.Methods:Sputum culture was made by routine method. Then,to determine the kinds of bacteria bioM*Urieux ATB expression was used, and general drug-sensitivity test was done by Kirby-Bautr method.Results:Fever occured in 27.3% patients after chemotherapy, while pneumonia in 11.3% patients. 13 kinds of bacteria, 72 strains of bacteria and 2 kinds of fungi were found in 68 positive culture samples. The infection rates were 76.5% in infection of single bacteoia,23.5% in infection of two kinds of bacteria and 22.1% in bacteria with fungi. The infection rate of gram-negative bacteria is much higher than that of gram-positive ones ( P <0 01).Conclusions:The incidence of pneumonia in the hospital is higher in patients with neoplasm after chemotherapy. Most pathogenic bacteria are gram-negative and sensitive to aminoglycosides, piperacillin and norfloxacin.

关 键 词：恶性肿瘤 化疗后肺炎 致病菌 医院内感染 预后 

分 类 号：R730.6[医药卫生—肿瘤] R563.1[医药卫生—临床医学]