非均衡交通规划初探  

A primary study on disequilibrium transportation planning

作　　者：黄中祥[1] 贺国光[2] 刘豹[2] 

机构地区：[1]长沙交通学院路桥系,长沙410076 [2]天津大学系统工程研究所,天津300072

出　　处：《管理科学学报》2001年第1期52-57,共6页Journal of Management Sciences in China

摘　　要：传统交通规划以微观经济学瓦尔拉斯均衡原理作为理论基础 ,交通规划是针对市场均衡点进行展开的 ,不涉及非均衡区域 .实际上 ,均衡状态是一种特殊的非均衡 ,在一定的市场条件下才能实现 ,即使实现了 ,也是暂时的 ,它不能代表真实的市场情况 .鉴于运输市场非均衡的普遍存在性 ,本文根据非均衡理论及相关研究成果 ,提出了非均衡交通规划的思想 .通过对市场调控机制的分析 ,研究了运输市场非均衡的存在性 ;利用变分不等式对均衡与非均衡的统一性进行了等价描述 .提出了非均衡交通需求预测的思想 。The traditional transportation planning takes the microeconomics Walras equilibrium principle as its theoretical base. Transportation planning is revealed at the point of market equilibrium, and doesn't consider the market disequilibrium cases. Actually, an equilibrium state is a special disequilibrium. Under some market conditions, an equilibrium case can be realized. However, these conditions are very rigorous, we scarcely obtain them. Even if an equilibrium state is carried out, it is still temporary, and can't represent the real market. Transportation market is usually in disequilibrium state. Based on the macroeconomics disequilibrium theory and pertinent research achievements, the idea of disequilibrium transportation planning is proposed in this paper. In order to establish a basic theoretical framework, the existence of market disequilibrium is shown by analyzing the price and quantity regulation mechanism. The unified model of market equilibrium and disequilibrium is introduced by virtue of variational inequality. In this paper, the concept of disequilibrium degree is also posed, and the method for disequilibrium traffic demand forecasting is proposed by incorporating the disequilibrium degree. Finally, the price quantity regulation principle of macroeconomics disequilibrium theory is introduced into the user's route choice behavior, a more general behavior principle is proposed as a result.

关 键 词：非均衡理论 价格-数量调节原理 交通规划 交通分配 

分 类 号：U491.12[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]