可变电荷土壤和恒电荷土壤与氢离子的反应动力学  

Kinetics of Interaction of H^+ with Constant and Variable Charge Soils

作　　者：朱茂旭[1] 蒋新[1] 季国亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《环境科学》2001年第3期49-53,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!资助项目 (4 98310 0 5 ;4990 40 0 5 ) ;国家博士后科学基金;国家重点基础研究发展规划项目! (G19990 1180 1 3)

摘　　要：在研究可变电荷土壤和恒电荷土壤与H+的反应动力学中 ,重点考察了H+、表面正电荷和可溶性铝随时间变化的特征及影响因素 .结果表明 ,1类土壤中H+消耗都可分快速反应和慢速反应 2个阶段 ,但其具体表现和影响因素不同 ;因氧化铁含量不同 ,H+加入后 2类土壤表面正电荷变化存在明显差异 ;可溶性铝随时间的变化主要受土壤粘土矿物组成、溶解度及溶解动力学控制 ;2类土壤的可溶性铝的变化可同时用修正的Elovich方程和双常数速率方程描述 .The kinetics of interaction of H + ions with constant and variable charge soils were studied,among which changes of H + concentration, positive surface charge and soluble Al with time and their influencing factors were investigated in detail. The results showed that the consumption processes of H + ions in both constant and variable charge soils could be divided into fast and slow processes, but the manifestations and influencing factors were different for the two types of soils. The variations in positive surface charges for variable and constant charge soils, due to the difference in the contents of free Fe-oxides, are remarkably different and thus can not be modeled mathematically in the same manner for the two types of soils. The variations in soluble Al for both variable and constant charge soils were controlled by the components, solubility and solution kinetics of dominant clay minerals in soils, and could be described by both modified Elovich and two-constant rate equations mathematically.

关 键 词：可变电荷土壤 恒电荷土壤 动力学 氢离子 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]