超甜玉米种子低温吸胀的生理生化变化  

Physiological and Biochemical Changes of Supersweet Corn Seeds Imbibed at Low Temperature

作　　者：胡晋[1] 蔡素琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学种子科学中心,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《作物学报》2001年第3期371-376,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家科委中波政府科技合作项目! [2 72 - 0 9(1997) ]

摘　　要：试验以 sh2 胚乳突变体 (超甜玉米 )为材料 ,以普通杂交玉米 (掖单 12 )为对照 ,比较了两者于6℃ ,10℃和 2 5℃条件下吸胀的生理生化变化。试验结果表明 ,经 6℃和 10℃吸胀处理的超甜玉米种子发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数显著降低 ,而 6℃低温吸胀对掖单 12玉米种子影响甚微。低温吸胀均引起两种玉米种子吸胀速率、电解质渗出速率和核苷酸渗漏量的显著下降 ,可溶性糖渗漏量在浸泡一段时间以后出现增加。低温吸胀提高两种玉米种子的脱氢酶活性 ,显著降低掖单 12玉米种子的过氧化物酶活性 ,但显著提高超甜 3号种子的过氧化物酶活性 ,两种玉米种子的 α-淀粉酶和The physiological and biochemical changes of supersweet corn Chaotian No.3, Tetian No.1 (with sh 2 gene) and hybrid corn Yedan No.12(without sh 2 gene) seeds were compared after imbibition at low temperature 6℃ and 10℃. A significant reduction of germination percentage, germination index and vigor index was observed in supersweet corn seeds, however no marked change in Yedan No.12 seeds subjected to submerging in cold water (6℃) for 18 hrs. It indicated that supersweet corn seeds were sensitive to imbibitional chilling injury. Significant decrease in imbibition rate, electrical conductivity and leachate nucleotide, and increase in leachate sugar were found in both kind of seeds soaked in the low temperatures. An enhanced activity of dehydrogenase and a decreased activity in alpha amylase and beta amylase of two kind seeds were noticed after imbibition at 6℃. The activity of peroxidase in Yedan No.12 was markedly decreased but significantly increased in supersweet corn seeds after imbibition at 6℃.

关 键 词：超甜玉米 种子 低温吸胀 发芽率 生化变化 生理变化 吸胀冷害 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S426