黄河源区生态环境恶化的现状及其原因  

The Deterioration of Ecology Environment and Its Cause in the Lake Regions of the Yellow River Source, Qinghai, China

作　　者：郑本兴[1] 唐邦兴[2] 李成治[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州73000 [2]中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《盐湖研究》2001年第1期47-52,共6页Journal of Salt Lake Research

摘　　要：黄河是中华民族的母亲河 ,黄河流域是世界上著名的四大文明古国的发祥地之一。远古时代黄河流域气候湿润、水源丰富、土地肥沃。轩猿黄帝和他的沿黄部落就在这里开始创造中华文明。而今黄河下游常年发生断流 ,中游水土流失严重 ,河源区生态环境恶化 ,已引起我国政府和民众的关注。目前 ,防治黄河源区生态环境进一步恶化的研究工作必须加大力度 ,在财力、人力方面应给予更大的支持 ,及早编制该区治理生态环境的规划 。The Yellow River is the mother river of the Chinese nation, and the watersheds of the Yellow River is also one of four famous countries with an ancient civilization in the World. In remote antiquity, the climate was warm and moist, abundant water resources and good soil favorite to the Xuanyuan Emporia and his tribe lived along both sides of the Yellow River, and created a Chinese civilization. But at present a broken flow of the Yellow River is frequent in the lower reach and heavy soil erosion in the middle reach, ecological environment steadily deteriorated in the headwater. Attention has be paid to these situations by the chinese Government and their people. Over the confluence of the Maqu River and Heihe River (the range before the Huashixia)is called the source region of the Yellow River with an area of 22000km 2, the length of the riverbed 323km from the Maqu River to the headwater with slope of 1.2%o. The whole source region is a Cenozoic tectonic depression situated between Buqingshan and Bar Yanhara Mountains, and can be divided into five landform units based on geomorphologic features, and show as follow from north to south: 1.Zagarishan Buqingshan high middle mountainous region 2.Joguzhongle Basin Xinsuhai Lake Gyaring Lake Ngoring Lake Maqu River broad valley basin region 3.Joguzhongle Mountain Mianshaling Ridge lower mountain hill region 4.Kariqu River Heihe River broad valley basin region 5.Baryan Har high mountainous region The watershed region of the Yellow River is a great Tertiary lacustrine basin with red clastics and redmudstone stratigraphies distributed extendedly in both south and north sides of present lake basin. During the early Pleistocene, the northern side of the paleolake extended to the southern piedmont of the Buqingshan Mountain about 30km farward to the Ngoring Lake. Beginning in the middle Pleistocene, the Buqingshan and the Baryan Har Mountains were strongly uplifted, and the high mountainous zone upwards into the cryospherice in about 700 ka BP and devel

关 键 词：黄河源区 生态环境恶化 原因 断流 水土流失 治理措施 环境保护 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X24