不同发育阶段尖头斜齿鲨肝油脂酸组成的变化  

FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF SHARPHEAD DOGSHARK (SCOLIODON SORRAKOWAH)LIVER OIL DURING DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES

作　　者：刘晓春[1] 丘书院[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学生命科学学院,广州510275 [2]厦门大学海洋系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《动物学报》2001年第3期298-303,共6页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金 ( 93 3 8410 )

摘　　要：采用气相色谱仪分析测定了不同发育阶段尖头斜齿鲨肝油的脂肪酸组成与含量。在尖头斜齿鲨肝油总脂肪酸组成中 ,饱和脂肪酸占 15 3%～ 34 6 % ,单不饱和脂肪酸占 13 8%～ 2 5 6 % ,多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA)占 38 8%～ 6 8 1%。其中 ,最主要的脂肪酸为 16 :0 ,18:0 ,18:1ω9,2 0 :4ω6和 2 2 :6ω3。尖头斜齿鲨肝油脂肪酸组成与个体的发育状况关系密切。雄性尖头斜齿鲨 ,胚胎阶段肝油的脂肪酸主要由16 :0、 16 :1和 18:1(ω9+ω7)组成 ,2 2 :6ω3的含量很低 (3 8± 1 34 ,n =3) ;雄性幼鱼肝油 2 2 :6ω3的含量较胚胎阶段有了显著的提高 (2 7 1± 2 47,n =3) (P <0 0 5 ) ;性成熟个体肝油 2 2 :6ω3的含量达到最高值 (5 1 0± 7 42 ,n =5 ) ,退化期 2 2 :6ω3的含量明显降低 (34 4± 2 40 ,n =3)。雌性尖头斜齿鲨肝油 2 2 :6ω3的含量随着性腺的发育而逐渐增加 ,妊娠早期达到最高值 (49 7± 4 0 4,n =5 ) ,显著高于未成熟期个体 (2 5 7± 0 6 4,n =3)和卵巢发育期个体 (33 3± 3 46 ,n =4) ,妊娠结束期肝油 2 2 :6ω3的含量显著下降 (2 5 6± 8 0 8,n =3) ,提示 2 2 :6ω3在尖头斜齿鲨胚胎的生长发育中可能起了重要作用。Fatty acid composition of the liver oil from different developmental stages of Sharphead dogshark( Scoliodon sorrakowah ) of the southern Fujian coastal waters, caught from May,1993 to April,1995,was determined with capillary gas chromatography. Saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids represented 15 3%～34 6% 13 8%～25 6% and 38 8%～68 1% of the total fatty acids in the liver oils of Sharphead dogshark, respectively. The major fatty acids in each sample were 16:0(7 9%～20 9%), 18:0(4 5%～12 1%),18:1ω9(6 1%～14 3%), 20:4ω6(2 8%～13 9%) and 22:6ω3(16 3%～56 2%). Characteristics of fatty acid composition of the liver oils in Sharphead dogshark was closely associated with the developmental stages of the animals examined. In male sharphead dogshark, 16:0(36 0%～39 8%), 16:1(17 1%～19 2%) and 18:1(ω9+ω7)(21 1%～23 1%) were the major constituents of fatty acids in the liver oils of embryos, the levels of 22:6ω3 (docosahexaenoic acids, DHA ) were very low (3 8±1 34, n =3). Concentrations of 22:6ω3 were much higher in the liver oils of immature males (27 1±2 47, n =3) than in that of embryos, and reached maximum values at prespawning stage (51 0±7 42, n =5) and then decreased significantly at regressed stage (34 4±2 40, n =3). Contents of 22:6ω3 in the liver oils in female increased during the development of the fish and reached maximun at the pre gestation stage (49 7±4 04, n =5), which were significantly higher than that at the immature stage (25 7±0 64, n =3) and at ovary developing stage (33 3±3 46, n =4), respectively, and decreased remarkably at the end of gestation (25 6±8 08, n =3). It showed that DHA (22:6ω3) might play an important role in growth and development of Sharphead dogshark embryos.

关 键 词：尖头斜齿鲨 肝油 脂肪酸组成 发育阶段 

分 类 号：Q547[生物学—生物化学]