电子自旋、微观可区分性及化学键  

Spin, Microdistinguishability of Electrons and Chemical Bond

作　　者：焦克芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《化学教育》2001年第7期9-12,共4页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：本文从分析电子自旋磁矩 (磁极 )的空间性质入手 ,讨论了电子的可区分性。通过讨论2个电子自旋组态的 8种形式 ,其中 ,包括 4种磁极吸引的耦合态、4种磁矩排斥的非耦合态 ,同理 ,电子轨旋运动也存在 4种耦合态。自旋耦合、轨旋全耦合需要 8个电子 ,所以元素周期性为 8音律。磁矩耦合是形成化学键的第一要求 ,第二才是异核吸引作用 ;化学键的广义表达语言应该是 :化学键只能由磁矩耦合的电子组成。对电子的波粒二象性和测不准原理进行了新的理论解释 ,并讨论了波粒二象性和测不准现象的物理模型。该模型与电子的微观可区分性相一致。In this paper, the microdistinguishability of electron was discussed by means of analyzing space orientation of electron spin magnetic moment (or magnetic pole). There are 8 kinds of spin configurations within the two electrons. Among them 4 kinds of coupling configurations, are attrative in their spin magnetic poles, and 4 kinds of no-coupling configurations are mutual repulsive in their spin magnetic poles. There are 4 kinds of coupling configurations in spin-orbital movement of electrons. There must be 8 electrons in outmostorbitals of atoms for complete coupling of magnetic poles of spin and orbital, hence, the element periodic law shows a octet rule. Magnetic moment coupling including spin and orbital is essence for chemical bonding and then the attraction of different nuclei. The generalized express language of chemical bond: the chemical bond can only consist of magnetic moment coupling electrons. Wave-particle dualism and the uncertainty principle of electron can be explained by new theory, and their physical model is consistent with the distinguishability nature of electrons.

关 键 词：电子自旋组态 电子 微观可区分性 化学键 电子自旋磁矩 波粒二象性 测不准原理 

分 类 号：O641[理学—物理化学]