铁路客车单元式空调机组性能检测装置的研制  

The Research and Produce of Performance Test Device for Passenger Car Air Conditioning Unit

作　　者：陈焕新[1] 胡益雄[1] 向献红[1] 李宁一 

机构地区：[1]中南大学铁道校区机电学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]武昌车辆段,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2001年第3期107-111,共5页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技计划项目 (97J0 9)

摘　　要：客车空调机组的生产厂家在某产品出厂之前或引进新产品试制时 ,都必须对客车空调机组进行性能试验 ,以保证其产品质量。车辆运用部门也必须对其使用的空调机组进行定期检修和进行性能试验 ,保证列车空调安全可靠运行。作者根据铁道部标准“TB/T2 432 93铁道客车单元式空调机组试验方法”研制了铁路单元式空调机组性能检测装置。该装置采用“空气焓差法”作为主测方法 ,“空气温差法”作为辅助方法。采用计算机数据采集系统和计算机全自动控制 ,因此该装置可自动采集数据 ,实时记录空调机组性能 ,并能保存历史数据 ,操作界面友好。文中详细的介绍了制冷量的测量原理 ,微机测试及控制原理 ,并对传感器的布置 ,试验工况的调节进行了说明 ,分析和讨论了漏风量和湿球采样误差对试验误差的影响 ,指出了该装置在设计和操作过程中应注意的问题 ,为进一步完善这类检测装置提供了有益的资料。In order to ensure produce quality, factories which produce passenger car air conditioning unit must do performance test of the produce before delivery or when they develop new produce. In order to ensure safe operation of passenger car air conditioning unit coach users′ department must do performance test and regularly examine and repair air conditioning units. Based on railway department standard ″TB/T2432-93 Test Method of Passenger Car Air Conditioning Unit″ the author researched and produced the performance test device for passenger car air conditioning unit. The device applies ″the method of air difference in enthalpy″as the main method, and ″ the method of air difference in temperature″as the auxiliary one. The device uses computer data collect system and computer auto control system. So it can automatically collect data, take notes of the performance of passenger car air conditioning unit in real time, save historical data, and operate interface friendly. It is leading China in this area. The paper introduces the principles about refrigerating capacity, and the computer test and control. The paper explains the arrangement of the sensor and the adjustment of test operating mode. It analyzes and discusses the influence to test error about air leakage and error of wet bulb temperature sampling. The paper raises questions that we should pay attention to during design and operation, and provides beneficial means for perfecting the device.

关 键 词：铁路客车 单元式空调机组 性能试验 检测装置 

分 类 号：U270.383[机械工程—车辆工程] U271[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]