超高产冬小麦拔节期分蘖间^(14)C同化物分配及分蘖成穗特性的研究  

Study on the Distribution of^(14)C-assimilates among Different Tillers of Super High-yielding Winter Wheat at the Jointing Stage and Characte-ristics of Effective Spike Formation of the Tiller

作　　者：李永庚[1] 于振文[1] 姜东[1] 余松烈[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《作物学报》2001年第4期517-521,共5页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (39970 42 5 )项目资助

摘　　要：鲁麦 2 2达到 90 0 0 kg/hm2的超高产需依靠一定数量的分蘖穗 ,分蘖穗约占总穗数的 50 %左右。鲁麦 2 2最大分蘖数和鲁麦 14相近 ,但分蘖成穗率显著低于鲁麦 14;不同蘖位分蘖的成穗率随密度的增加而降低。拔节期主茎 14 C同化物只有 2 .2 5%～ 6.0 7%向分蘖转移 ,存留在主茎的 14 C同化物有10 .4 6%～ 12 .72 %转移到籽粒中去 ;成穗分蘖 14 C同化物输出的比例更低 ,不成穗分蘖 14 C同化物向分蘖和主茎输出的比率显著高于成穗分蘖 ,可达总同化量的 2 5%左右。密度越高 ,有效分蘖向主茎和分蘖运输的 14 C同化物的量越少。鲁麦 2 2拔节期 14 C同化能力虽然较强 ,但 14 C同化物向分蘖输出的比例显著低于鲁麦 14。To obtain super high yield of Lumai 22 cultivar (9000 kg/hm 2), the number of spikes in unit land area should be composed by about 50% main stem spikes and 50% tiller spikes. There is no significant difference in maximum tiller number between Lumai 22 and Lumai 14 under the condition of the same unit area and planting density, but the percentage of spike forming tillers of Lumai 22 was lower than that of Lumai 14 significantly, and the effective tillers′ ratio decreased with the increase of density. At jointing stage, only 2.25%~6.07% 14 C assimilates of main stem was transferred to tillers 10.46%~12.72% 14 C assimilates in main stem transferred to kernels. The ineffective tillers transferred more 14 C assimilation to main stem and tillers than effective tillers did, and about 25% of the total 14 C assimilates in ineffective tillers was transferred to main stem and effective tillers. The more density, the less 14 C assimilates of effective tillers was transferred to tillers and main stem. Main stem of Lumai 22 transferred lower ratio of 14 C assimilates to other tillers than Lumai 14 did, this is a reason why ratio of effective tillers of Lumai 22 was lower.

关 键 词：冬小麦 超高产 拔节期 碳14同化物 分配 分蘖特性 成穗特性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]