缺碘地区补碘干预对人群听力影响的15年追踪观察分析  

Effect of iodine supplement on hearing of the population in the iodine deficiency areas:a follow-up study for 15 years

作　　者：刘敏[1] 符林学[2] 钟文[2] 陈启丰[2] 杨通[2] 韩影[3] 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市卫生防疫站食品科,518020 [2]广东省卫生防疫站 [3]广东省龙川县卫生防疫站

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2001年第4期231-233,共3页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的　了解缺碘对听力的影响和碘盐干预对听力改善的长期效果。方法　采用丹麦AS 72型纯音诊断测听器 ,于 1984年 (供碘前 )对广东省碘缺乏病重病区龙川县上坪镇进行学生听力测定 ,食用 1∶2 0 0 0 0碘盐 5、15年后进行听力追踪调查。结果　供碘前 ,缺碘地区学生平均听阈高于非缺碘地区 (病区气导 17 4dB ,骨导 13 8dB ;非病区气导 4 7dB ,骨导 3 3dB) ,表现为双侧低频感觉神经性听力下降 ;供碘盐 5年后缺碘地区气导平均听阈下降 4 9dB(气导 12 5dB) ,听力明显改善 ,尤其是供碘前各频听力损失在 2 6dB以下的轻度听力障碍者 ,本次测定时已全部恢复正常 ,但仍未达到非缺碘区水平 ;骨导听力无明显改善 (骨导 12 1dB) ;供碘 15年后 ,骨导听力得到明显改善 ,平均听阈降低 5 9dB(骨导 7 9dB)。供碘 15年后骨导听力提高的幅度与供碘 5年后气导听力提高的幅度相近 ,但气、骨导听力均未达到非缺碘区水平。结论　缺碘区补碘可使人群的听力明显提高 ,气导听力改善较快 ,骨导听力改善较迟 ,但未能恢复至非缺碘区水平。Objective To study the effects of iodine deficiency on hearing and the long term effects of iodine supplement on hearing improvement Methods Hearing was tested by a Pure Sound Zone Diagnostic Audiometer Type AS 72 made in Denmark, for school children in Longchuan County, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, before iodine supplement in 1984 and five and 15 years after supplement with 1∶20 000 iodized salt, respectively Results Before iodine supplement, the average hearing threshold in the school children of iodine deficiency areas was higher, with 17 4 dB in air conduction and 13 8 dB in bone conduction, than that of non iodine deficiency areas, with 4 7 dB and 3 3 dB, respectively, indicating bilateral neural hearing loss in low frequency After iodine supplement for 5 years, their average hearing threshold lowered to 4 9 dB in air conduction and 12 5 dB in bone conduction, respectively, in those areas, indicating obvious improvement in their hearing, especially in those with slight hearing loss in varied frequencies under 26 dB improved completely, but have not yet reached the normal level of the non iodine deficiency areas, and no obvious improvement in bone conduction was found with a hearing threshold of 12 1 dB After 15 years with iodine supplement, their hearing in bone conduction improved significantly, with an average reduction of hearing threshold of 5 9 dB and 7 9 dB in bone and air conduction, respectively And, the magnitude of hearing improvement in bone conduction with iodine supplement for 15 years approximated to that in air conduction with 5 years iodine supplement, but both of them didn′t reach the normal level Conclusions Iodine supplement could significantly improve hearing in the population of the iodine deficiency areas, air conduction hearing improved more quickly and bone conduction hearing slowly, but both of them didn′t reach the normal level in the non iodine deficiency areas

关 键 词：碘缺乏症 听力 影响 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]