儿童先天性和外伤性白内障的手术效果观察  

A clinic observation of the effect of surgery on congenital cataract and traumatic cataract in children.

作　　者：董枫[1] 李瑾[1] 郑海华[1] 韩真真[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院附属第二医院眼科,325000

出　　处：《眼外伤职业眼病杂志》2001年第4期406-408,共3页Journal of Injuries and Occupational Diseases of the Eye with Ophthalmic Surgeries

摘　　要：目的　评价儿童先天性和外伤性白内障手术的效果。方法　对 77例 (10 1眼 )儿童行白内障摘出手术 ,其中 78眼植入人工晶状体 ,2 5眼后囊截开 ,16眼行前段玻璃体切除。对术后随访 1月～ 2年的 5 9眼进行并发症分析。其中先天性白内障31眼 ,外伤性白内障 17眼进行视力变化分析。结果　术后脱盲率 77 1% ,脱残率 5 0 0 %。主要并发症为晶状体前渗出膜、后囊浑浊、人工晶状体夹持。结论　儿童白内障术后视力均有提高 ,但并发症明显高于成年人 ,因此对 3岁以下儿童人工晶状体植入持慎重态度。对于先天性白内障 ,尤其是完全性、致密核性、单侧白内障应尽早手术。对于外伤性白内障在积极控制炎症情况下尽早手术。术后随访。Objective To evaluate the clinical results of congenital cataract extraction with of traumatic cataract extraction in children.Methods Cataract extractions were performed on 101 eyes of 77 children,of which intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted in 78 eyes,posterior capsular was cutted in 25 eyes and anterior vitrectomy was performed on 16 eyes.The possible complications were followed up in 59 eyes from 1 month to 2 years old,of which the visual acuity was analysed in 31 eyes with congenital cataract and 17 eyes with traumatic cataract.Results After operation 77.1% patients were relieved from blindness,50.0% obtained corrected vision ≥0.3.The main postopertative complications were exudative membrane before IOL,posterior capsular opacity and pupillary capture.Conclusions The visual acuities were all improved after operation,but their complications were severer obviously than those of adults.So it is cautious to implant IOL in children younger than 3 years old.It should be earlier to operate in congenital cataract especially in total cataract,thick perinuclear cataract and single cataract.And it should operate as soon as inflammation was controlled in traumatic cataract.Afterall it is very important to follow up carefully and carry out amblyopia treatment.

关 键 词：外伤性白内障 先天性白内障 儿童 术式 手术时机 眼外科手术 

分 类 号：R779.66[医药卫生—眼科]