亚高山针叶林不同恢复阶段群落物种多样性变化及其对土壤理化性质的影响  

SPECIES DIVERSITY CHANGES IN SUBALPINE CONIFEROUS FORESTS OF DIFFERENT RESTORATION STAGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON SOIL PROPERTIES

作　　者：吴彦[1] 刘庆[1] 乔永康[1] 潘开文[1] 赵常明[1] 陈庆恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2001年第6期648-655,共8页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(G2 0 0 0 0 4680 2 -0 5 );中国科学院"九五"重大项目 (KZ95 1-A1-10 4-0 3 -0 2 );中国科学院"九五"重点项目 (KZ95 2 -S1-10 4);中国科学院知识创新工程西南基地项目

摘　　要：研究了亚高山针叶林不同恢复阶段物种多样性的变化 ,并用逐步多元回归分析法探讨了 17种土壤理化指标对多样性变化的响应。结果表明 :人工林物种多样性随着恢复年代的增加呈逐渐增加的趋势 ,乔、灌、草各层物种组成也发生相应的变化 ,但多样性的恢复十分缓慢。不同土壤理化性质对物种多样性变化的响应不尽相同 ,其中土壤容重、土壤含水量等表征土壤水源涵养功能的物理指标 ,随着物种多样性指数的增加而得到改善 ;枯枝落叶贮量、有机质含量、水解性酸和 Ca、Mg、P含量等土壤营养功能指标也随乔、灌层物种多样性的增加而增加 ,土壤 K2 O含量随草本层物种多样性的增加而减少 ;并建立了上述 9项指标与物种多样性的相关数学模型。其余 8项指标与多样性指数没有直接的线性关系。The species diversity changes of subalpine coniferous forests at different restoration stages in western Sichuan province were studied and the responses of 17 soil factors to the species diversity changes were examined by multiple regression analyses. The results showed that species diversity tended to increase gradually with the growth of plantation ages and the species composition in layers of arbor,shrub and herbs changed accordingly. However,restoration of species diversity in subalpine coniferous plantations was quite slow. Responses of physical and chemical properties of soil to species diversity changes varied in different stands. Apparent density and water content which are closely related to the water conservation function of the soil were improved along with increasing species diversity. The accumulated litters,organic matters,hydrolyzed acid and the contents of Ca,Mg, and P in soil,the indicators that represent soil nutrition,also increased with the increase of species diversity in the layers of arbor and shrub, but the content of K 2O decreased with the increase of herbage species diversity. We developed the correlative equations of the above mentioned 9 soil factors with the species diversity indices. The other 8 soil factors showed no direct linear correlation with the diversity indices. Protecting and increasing species diversity in subalpine coniferous plantations can improve part of the soil nutrients and promote the restoration of ecological functions.

关 键 词：亚高山针叶林 恢复阶段 物种多样性 土壤因子 植物群落 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]