110例离异家庭初中生心理卫生及适应状况的对照研究  

Study on the mental and health adaptation of 110 parental separation's elementary students

作　　者：周敏娟[1] 姚立旗 江力勤 王力健[2] 姚瑶[2] 王韵芬[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江嘉兴市第一医院心理科,浙江嘉兴市314000 [2]浙江嘉兴市吉水中学,浙江嘉兴市314000

出　　处：《中国行为医学科学》2001年第4期358-360,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science

基　　金：浙江省科委立项课题 ( 0 0 1132 40 )

摘　　要：目的　了解离异家庭初中生心理、人格、社交、学习等状况 ,探讨影响他们再适应的主要因素。方法　对 110例研究对象作SCL 90、EPQ、社交回避苦恼量表、学习成绩以及相关因素调查 ,对适应良好和不良组作特质应对、父母养育方式以及精神卫生、离异时间、抚养对象、亲子关系等对照研究。结果　SCL 90大多数因子分显著高于常模 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 ) ,有自杀观念占 2 3% ,人格问卷中P、N、E ,一个或多个因子高于常模占 5 6 % ,社交困难占 40 % ,成绩显著低于平均分 (P <0 .0 5 )。适应不良组的消极应对分、父母严厉惩罚、拒绝否认、干涉过度、母亲偏爱分显著高于适应良好组 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 ) ,成绩以及与非监护人关系差 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,监护人心理卫生问题多 (P <0 .0 5 )。而离异时间、抚养对象、人口学指标等无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,男生个性问题发生率高 ,成绩差 ,较女生适应困难。结论　研究对象不良心理、社会交往及学习困难发生率高 ,影响他们再适应的主要因素有 :应对方式。Objective To understand the mental health,pers on ality,social companionship and learning of parental separation elementary stude nts,explore the factors of influnce of their adaptation.Method 110 subjects were investigated by SCL-90,EPQ,Social avoidence and distr ess scale,study records, divided into two groups,well adapting group and non-ad a pting group,analyzed the difference of parental rearing behavior,coping style,re lation to parents,the time of separation.Result The most factors of SCL-90 are significant higher than norm (P<0.01, P<0.05) ,the prevelence of suicide ideation was 23%,in EPQ ,one or more factors were hig her than norm,occupide 56%.The difficulty of social companionship was 40% the st u dying grades were lower than average.Negative coping,parental punishment,rejecti on,denying,negative reaction,over interference of non-well adaptation group wer e significant higher than well group(P<0.01,P<0.05),the studying grade s and relat ion to non-custodian mother or father were poorer(P<0.05).Boys had more pe rsonality problems and more difficulty to adapt than girls.Conclusions The parental separation elementary students h ad higher psychological disorders,the important factors of influence of their ad aptation were coping style,parental rearing behavior,can or can not win the cari ng and loving from non-custodian mother or father.

关 键 词：父母离异 初中生 SCL-90 父母养育方式 应对方式 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]