赤潮的生物毒性评价初步研究——生物毒性测试方法在一次胶州湾赤潮中的应用  

A preliminary study on toxicity evaluation of HAB using bioassay --Some bioassay methods used in an HAB event in Jiaozhou Bay

作　　者：颜天[1] 谭志军[1] 李钧[1] 张永山[1] 于仁诚[1] 王云峰[1] 周名江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2001年第3期5-8,50,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程资助项目 (KZCX2 2 0 6 ) ;国家自然科学基金资助项目 (495 76 30 1;4990 6 0 0 7;39790 110 ;3995 0 0 0 1)

摘　　要：在 2 0 0 0 0 7 2 5～ 30发生于青岛胶州湾 ,面积约 10km2 的赤潮过程中 ,于 2 0 0 0 0 7 2 6和 2 7日分别采集赤潮现场海水 ,以三种标准毒性实验生物黑褐新糠虾 (Neomysisawatschensis) ,卤虫 (Artemiasalina)和ICR品系小白鼠为实验动物 ,对胶州湾这次赤潮进行了初步的毒性研究。结果表明 :现场采集的赤潮海水和实验室经f/ 2培养后的藻液对卤虫有急性毒性作用 ,2 4h卤虫幼体的存活率分别为 83 %和 73 % ,对小白鼠的毒性均在相当于STX 0 .87～ 1.8μg/L的范围内 ,而对糠虾没有明显影响。本文同时分析了赤潮现场海水中的藻类组成与数量 ,探讨了此次赤潮的毒性来源和致毒机制 ,提出了对赤潮进行生物毒性评价的观点 。During an HAB event(about 10 km 2) which occurred in Jiaozhou Bay of Qingdao from the 25th to the 30th July 2000, collection of the bloom seawater on the 26th and 27th respectively, and evaluation of its toxicity using bioassay were made. Three standard experiment organisms: Neomysis awatschensis , Artemia salina and mouse were used as test animals. The results showed that both the bloom seawater collected in situ and the algae cultured in f/2 medium in laboratory had acute toxic effects on Artemia salina . At 24h, the survival rates of Artemia were 83 and 73%, respectively. Their toxicity to mouse were in a range of equivalent to STX 0.87～1.8μg/L. While Neomysis awatschensis was not apparently affected. Density and composition of algal species in bloom seawater were analyzed, and the source and mechanism of the toxicity were discussed. Suggestion to apply these bioassay methods in the toxicity assessment of HAB events and report any of the results to relative authorities as indiscerptible part of an HAB report were made.

关 键 词：赤潮 生物毒性 黑褐新糠虾 卤虫 小白鼠 评价 测试方法 胶州湾 海洋污染 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X835