成人下颌骨截面相关数据测量  

DATA OF ADULT MANDIBULAR SECTION MEASUREMENT

作　　者：赵保东[1] 李宁毅[1] 杨学财[1] 宫大连[1] 夏玉军[2] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学医学院附属医院口腔颌面外科,青岛266003 [2]青岛大学医学院人体解剖学教研室,青岛266003

出　　处：《青岛大学医学院学报》2001年第3期186-188,共3页Acta Academiae Medicinae Qingdao Universitatis

基　　金：青岛市科委科研基金资助项目 ( 98 40 )

摘　　要：①目的　通过对 15具正常成人离体下颌骨截面有关数据的测量 ,总结其规律性 ,为牙种植等临床操作提供参考。②方法　 15具正常成人离体下颌骨标本 ,于每个牙位做垂直于牙弓曲线的截面 ,测量每个截面上牙槽嵴顶宽度及其下方 10mm处下颌骨厚度 ,下颌 5 ,6 ,7牙位加测下颌管横纵径及下颌管上缘至牙槽嵴顶、下缘至下颌骨下缘、内缘至舌侧骨板、外缘至颊侧骨板的距离。采用配对样本的t检验进行比较。③结果　下颌骨左右两侧各组数据无明显差别 (t=0 .5 5 2～ 1.30 6 ,P >0 .0 5 ) ;前牙局部区域相邻牙位牙槽嵴顶宽度差别不明显 (t=1.916 ,P >0 .0 5 ) ;其余相邻牙位比较均有统计学意义 (t=3.386～ 8.2 2 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,牙槽嵴顶宽度由前向后逐渐增宽 ,但在尖牙及第一前磨牙区域 ,第一前磨牙牙槽嵴宽度反而要小于尖牙牙槽嵴宽度 ;牙槽嵴顶下方 10mm处宽度 ,切牙、侧切牙区差别不明显 (t=1.6 79,P >0 .0 5 ) ;尖牙与第一前磨牙差别也无显著性 (t=1.16 2 ,P >0 .0 5 ) ,而其余相邻牙位的比较均有统计学意义 (t=3.5 35～ 11.893,P <0 .0 1) ,牙槽嵴顶下方 10mm处宽度由前向后亦逐渐增宽 ;下颌管在下颌骨体内走行具有一定规律性 ,下颌管内缘至舌侧骨板的距离比下颌管外缘至颊侧骨板距离短 ,两者差别有显著性Objective\ By measuring 15 mandibular bone examples , to find out the anatomic rules of mandibular bone and mandibular canal. \ Methods\ 15 mandibular bones with teeth were chosen. Sections vertical to the compensating curve were made in each dental position. The data of alveoli and mandibular canal in each section were collected. \ Results\ There had no difference between the data of the right side of the mandibular and the left side( t=0.552-1.306, P >0.05).The width of the top of alveoli was different between every two adjacent teeth( t=3.386-8.225, P <0.01),with an exception of the front teeth. The width of the alveoli 10mm under the top was also different between every two adjacent teeth( t=3.535-11.893, P <0.01)with an exception of front teeth and bicuspid. The length from the inner side of the mandibular canal to the lingual side of the mandibular body was shorter than that from the outer side of the canal to the buccal side( t=3.540-13.584, P <0.01).The length from the upper side of the mandibular canal to the top of the alveoli was longer than that from the lower side of the canal to the bottom of the mandibular body( t=5.289-8.769, P <0.01).In the buccal teeth, the width of the alveoli 10mm under the top was bigger than that of the top of the alveoli( t=5.929-9.868, P <0.05).\ Conclusion\ Different types of dental implants should be chosen according to the anatomic characteristics of the mandibular bone in each dental position before the operation to avoid complications.

关 键 词：下颌骨 截面 数据收集 解剖学 成人 

分 类 号：R323.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R782.12[医药卫生—基础医学]