发泡金属结构参数的测定  

Determination of the Structure Parameters and Characters of Foamed Metals

作　　者：牛玉舒[1] 李保山[1] 翟玉春[2] 全明秀[3] 胡壮麒[3] 

机构地区：[1]抚顺石油学院,辽宁抚顺113001 [2]东北大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110006 [3]中国科学院金属研究所快速凝固非平衡合金国家重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110015

出　　处：《石油化工高等学校学报》2001年第4期9-12,共4页Journal of Petrochemical Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助课题 (5 98710 14)

摘　　要：用扫描电子显微镜、X -射线衍射、图象分析等手段测定发泡镍、铜、银结构特征。结果表明 :这 3种发泡金属均为向空间延伸的具有五边形窗的十二面体结构 ,其骨架本身是中空的、非完全封闭式的管状“通道” ,骨架均为面心立方结构的金属晶体 ;用等积圆法测定发泡金属的孔径分布 ,得发泡镍、铜、银的平均孔径分别为 0 .2 45 ,0 .2 38和 0 .2 45mm ;建立用图象分析仪近似测定发泡金属骨架厚度分散系数的方法 ,测得发泡镍、铜、银的厚度分散系数分别为 1.18,1.12和 1.13 ;分别用BET法和流体压力降法测定 3种发泡金属的比表面积 ,得发泡镍、铜、银的BET法比表面积分别为 1.35× 10 6,2 .85× 10 6和 1.85× 10 6m-1,流体压力降法比表面积分别为 4.42× 10 5,4.98×10 5和 3 .99× 10 5m-1;用最大载荷法测定发泡镍、铜、银的拉伸强度 ,结果分别为 1.39,3 .98和 0 .98N/mm2 ;另外 ,测定了发泡镍、铜、银的电阻率。The structure parameters and characters of foamed nickel, copper and silver were determined by means of SEM, X-ray diffraction and image analysis etc. The results indicate that the foamed metals have the structure of dodecahedron with pentagon casement outspreading toward space. The framework itself is tube shape channel, which is caverned and non-entirely sealed. The whole framework is a maze structure connected by this kind of channels. Folds and hollows besprinkle the surface of foamed nickel skeleton. Lump shape preiections besprinkle the surface of foamed copper skeleton and plenty of particles besprinkle the surface of foamed silver skeleton. The X-ray diffraction results show that the three foamed metals are all face-centered cubic lattice structure. The pore diameter distributions are determined by equal area circle method. And the average apertures of foamed nickel, copper and silver are 0.245, 0.238 and 0.245 mm respectively. The method of measuring the thickness dispersing ratio by image analysis was established, and the obtained TDR of the three foamed metals were 1.18, 1.12 and 1.13 respectively. The special surface areas of the three foamed metals were measured by BET method and liquid pressure drop method separately. The special surface areas of foamed nickel, copper and silver are 1.35 × 106, 2.85 × 106 and 1.85 × 106 m-1 respectively from BET method, and by liquid pressure drop method the results were 4.42 × 105, 4.98 × 105 and 3.99 × 105 m-1 respectively. The hot strengths of the three foamed metals were determined by using maximum load method and the results were 1.39, 3.98 and 0.98 N/mm2 respectively. The electrical resistivities, void ratios, surface densities of foamed nickel, copper and silver were also measured.

关 键 词：发泡金属 发泡镍 发泡铜 发泡银 结构特性 测定 

分 类 号：TG14[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]