颈横血管为蒂的斜方肌上部肌皮瓣及肩胛冈骨肌皮瓣的应用解剖  

Applied anatomy of superior trapezius myocutaneous and spina scapulae osteomyocutaneous flaps pedicled with transverse cervical artery

作　　者：王恩群[1] 张菊会 韩卉[3] 

机构地区：[1]西安市第四军医大学,博士队2001710032 [2]合肥市中市区医院口腔科 [3]合肥市安徽医科大学解剖教研室

出　　处：《实用口腔医学杂志》2001年第6期463-465,共3页Journal of Practical Stomatology

摘　　要：目的 :进一步探讨以颈横血管为蒂的斜方肌上部肌皮瓣及肩胛冈骨肌皮瓣的应用解剖学基础。方法 :解剖观测 32侧斜方肌上部、肩胛冈的形态、血供。结果 :斜方肌上部近似于梯形 ,A、B、C和 D四缘平均长度为174.6 3、15 7.18、86 .98、80 .95 mm,面积 12 6 .78cm2 ,肩胛冈全长 131.2 1mm;颈横动脉干、颈浅动脉干及其升支、肩胛冈支平均长度分别为 42 .5 0、2 7.80、43.12、2 8.75 mm,起点外径分别为 2 .71、2 .39、1.96、0 .5 0 mm,升支发出 0 .5 mm以上肌皮穿支 3～ 6支 ,回流静脉与相应动脉伴行。结论 :斜方肌上部及肩胛冈形态及血供适合形成以颈横血管为蒂的组织瓣 。Objective:To study the anatomic basis of superior trapezius myocutaneous and spina scapulae osteomyocutaneous flaps pedicled with transverse cervical vessel.Methods:The blood vessels,the size of the superior trapezius muscle and the spina scapulae were dissected and examined in 32 adult corpses.Results:The superior trapezius muscle was in the shape of trapezium.The border length (mm) of A,B,C and D was 174.63,157.18,86.98 and 80.95 in average respectively.The area of the muscle was 126.78 cm2 on the average.The spina scapulae was 131.21 mm in average length.The length (mm) of transverse cervical artery trunk, superficial cervical artery trunk and its ascending artery,spina scapulae branch artery was 42.50,27.80,43.12,28.75 in average,their external diameter(mm) was 2.71,2.39,1.96 and 0.50 respectively.Entering the muscle,the ascending artery had 3～6 branches with the external diameter of 0.5 mm or more.The venous vessels were following the copartner artery.Conclusion:The superior trapezius muscle and the spina scapulae may be made for the myocutaneous and osteomyocutaneous flaps pedicled with transverse cervical artery used in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction.

关 键 词：斜方肌 肩胛冈 颈横动脉 修复 重建 应用解剖学 口腔颌面部组织缺损 

分 类 号：R782.2[医药卫生—口腔医学]