螺杆挤压膨化机加工农作物秸秆的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Extruding Crop Straw by Screw Extruder

作　　者：张祖立[1] 朱永文[2] 刘晓峰[1] 崔玉洁[1] 李永奎[1] 张本华[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学 [2]北京市农业机械研究所

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2001年第6期97-101,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目 ( 972 118)

摘　　要：利用小型自热式单螺杆挤压膨化机对农作物秸秆进行膨化加工试验。将螺杆螺距、喷嘴出口间隙、秸秆物料含水率、秸秆物料粒度作为试验因素 ,经单因素试验和二次通用旋转组合试验找出其对秸秆膨化加工性能 (膨化压力、生产率、度电产量等 )的影响规律 ,并经优化设计得出最佳参数组合。利用电子显微扫描观察和分析膨化及未膨化玉米秸、豆秸的微观结构的变化 ,对农作物秸秆膨化机理进行了初步探讨 ,并通过膨化和未膨化玉米秸、豆秸的营养成分对照测试分析 ,证实了秸秆膨化能够改善秸秆的理化性状和营养成分 ,为提高秸秆的利用率和可消化率创造了条件。A kind of small size single screw extruder with self heating was used in this study. Screw pitch, spray nozzle clearance, chopped straw moisture content and straw size were different factors. Influence law of processing property (extruding pressure, production efficiency, output per kW·h) was obtained by a series of single factor and general rotatory combination design of four factors for experiment. The optimal combination of main parameters was gained by optimization method. With the help of electron microscope, it was found that the microstructure of corn stalk and bean stalk was changed after extruding as compared with that without extrusion. Therefore, the theory on extruding processing of the crop straw was studied. It was proved that the tissue structure of the straw can be changed by extruding process through the analysis of the nutrition composition. The feasibility rate and digestive rate for crop straw were improved.

关 键 词：农作物秸秆 螺杆挤压 膨化试验 膨化机理 可消化率 饲用价值 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学] S816.34[农业科学—畜牧学]