四种真菌油脂提取方法的比较研究  

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FOUR METHOD OF FUNGI LIPID EXTRACTION

作　　者：李植峰[1] 张玲[1] 沈晓京[1] 赖炳森[1] 孙树秦[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军北京军医学院生化教研室,北京100071

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2001年第6期72-75,共4页Microbiology China

基　　金：军队九五医药卫生科研基金资助课题 ( 96D0 6 9)

摘　　要：采用索氏法、超临界CO2 萃取法、酸热法和有机溶剂法分别提取雅致枝霉、拉曼被孢霉、少根根霉、畸雌腐霉和橙黄红酵母的油脂 ,从样品要求、最小样品量、仪器要求、处理样品能力及油脂得率等方面对 4种提取方法进行综合评价 ,并对索氏法、超临界CO2萃取法和酸热法提取的雅致枝霉油脂的脂肪酸组成进行气相色谱分析。索氏法的油脂得率最高 ,但耗时较长 ;超临界CO2 萃取法和酸热法的油脂得率相近 ,较索氏法略低 ,但酸热法更为简便 ,单位时间内样品处理能力强 ;有机溶剂法提取效果最差。我们建立的酸热法是一种适合油脂及多不饱和脂肪酸高产菌株筛选的简便、有效的真菌油脂提取方法。Lipids of Thamnidium elegans,Mortierella ramanninace,Rhizopus arrhizus,Pythium irregulare and Rhodotorulla aurantiaca were extracted by Soxhlet extraction,supercritical-CO 2 fluid extraction,acid-heating extraction and organic solvent extraction,respectively.Four extraction methods were evaluated on sample treatment,minimum sample quantity,requirements of apparatus,ability of treating sample and content of lipid.The components of fatty acids were analysed by gas chromatography.Soxhlet extraction can acquired maximum lipid content,but it took the most time.Supercritical-CO 2 fluid extraction and acid-heating extraction has a same lipid content which was lower than that of Soxhlet extraction.Acid-heating extraction was the most handy,and its ability to treat sample in a hour was the most powerful.Organic solvent extraction was less efficient.Acid-heating extraction was a simple and efficient method of fungi lipid extraction fitting to breed mutant strains that highly producting lipid and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

关 键 词：真菌 油脂 提取方法 发酵 酸热法 

分 类 号：Q936[生物学—微生物学]