口腔正畸固定矫治器应用中牙釉质脱矿的临床调查  

An evaluation of enamel decalcification in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance

作　　者：胡炜[1] 傅民魁[1] 谢以岳[1] 王勤[2] 程绰约 

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医学院正畸科 [2]北京大学口腔医学研究所防龋研究所

出　　处：《口腔正畸学》2001年第2期51-54,共4页Chinese Journal of Orthodontics

摘　　要：目的　明确正畸治疗中患者牙釉质脱矿的发病率和釉质病损的程度。方法　两名龋病专家对 16 5名使用固定矫治器患者正畸治疗前后牙齿幻灯片上的釉质脱矿病损进行对比观察。统计患者治疗中牙釉质脱矿的发病率和脱矿病损的程度 ,计算釉质脱矿指数 (enameldecalcificationindex,EDI)。结果　正畸治疗中有 98人出现牙釉质脱矿 ,发病率为 5 9.4% ,无性别差异。在 35 48颗被观察的牙齿中有44 5颗牙齿发生釉质脱矿 ,发病率为 12 .5 %。上颌牙齿的发病率 (14.1% )高于下颌牙齿的发病率(11.0 % ) ,两者差异有显著性统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。左右侧牙齿的发病率没有明显不同 (P >0 .0 5 )。上颌前牙的釉质脱矿发病率最高 ,上下颌第一磨牙的发病率最低。一半以上的脱矿病损集中在正畸托槽龈方的釉质上。 90 %釉质脱矿病损的程度为 1～ 2度。男女患者釉质脱矿程度相似 ,上颌牙齿的平均EDI值明显大于下颌牙齿的平均EDI值 (P =0 .0 0 1)。左右侧的EDI没有明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　正畸治疗中牙釉质脱矿是一个不能被忽视的问题 。Objective To evaluate the incidence and severity of enamel decalcification in orthodontic treatment.[WT5”HZ]Method [WT5”BZ]Lesions of decalcification were observed comparatively by 2 specialists in the before and after treatment slides of 165 patients being treated with fixed appliance. The incidence and severity of enamel decalcification in orthodontic treatment were evaluated and the enamel decalcification index(EDI) was calculated.[WT5”HZ]Results [WT5”BZ]Enamel decalcification lesions were found in 98 persons after treatment, the incidence was 59.4%. There was no difference between sex. Of the total 3548 teeth examined, 445 teeth(12.5%) had enamel decalcification. The incidence of maxillary teeth(14.1%) were higher than that of mandibular teeth(11.0%), there were statistically significant differences between teeth of two jaws(P<0.01). There was no difference between teeth on left and right sides. The highest incidence occurred among the maxillary anterior teeth, the lowest were maxillary/mandibular first molars. More than one half of the lesions was scored in gingival area. The severity of most lesions(90%) was 1～2 score. There was no difference between males and females. The average EDI of maxillary teeth was higher significantly than that of mandibular teeth(P=0.001). There was no difference between teeth on left and right sides.Conclusion Enamel decalcification in orthodontic treatment is a clinical problem, it should not be ignored. There should be some preventive programs in orthodontic clinic.

关 键 词：牙釉质脱矿 固定矫治器 口腔正畸 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]