微量放射性元素铀、锝的生物毒性研究———以梨形四膜虫为生物模型  

STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL TOXICITY OF URANIUM AND TECHNETIUM——TETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS S1 TAKEN AS A BIOLOGICAL MODEL

作　　者：周维金[1] 唐任寰[1] 石进元[1] 王熹晴 刘元方[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学技术物理系

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》1989年第2期91-95,83,共6页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：本文探讨了放射性元素铀(UO_2(NO_3)_2)和锝(NH_4^(99)TcO_4)的生物和化学毒性,选取梨形四膜虫细胞为生物模型,分别研究铀和锝对其生长分裂的作用。实验发现,当聚蛋白陈培养液中添加铀浓度为0.02-20ppm,锝浓度在0.1-100ppm范围时,它们对细胞生长没有不利影响。铀浓度>100ppm,锝浓度>500ppm时,它们开始抑制细胞的生长和分裂。铀和锝浓度高达1200ppm时,细胞虽被明显的抑制,但仍能生长繁殖。从而表明它们属于低毒元素,为今后进一步开展和推广其应用,从生物细胞层次上提供了有益的参考。The biological toxicity of uranium (in the form of uranyl nitrate)and tech-netium (in the form of ammonium pertechnetate)are studied, using an unicellular organism tetrahymena pyriformis S1 as a biological model which has been widely used in toxicological testing.The proliferation of T. pyriformis in a culture medium of 0.5% d-glucose and 1-2% polypeptone containing small amount of uranium or technetium is observed.lt is concluded that when the concentration range of uranium in the medium between 0.02-20 ppm and 0.1-100 ppm for Tc, no obvious influences are revealed.When U>100 ppm and Tc>500 ppm, the inhibitions of growth of T. pyriformis induced by U and Tc slightly appear. But even their concentrations increase up to 1200 ppm, the cells can still survive.Therefore, it seems reasonable that both uranium and technetium are considered as low toxic elements.These findings would be meaningful in respect to the applications of uranium and technetium in various fields.

关 键 词：铀 锝 毒性 四膜虫 

分 类 号：O614.62[理学—无机化学]