不同稻作区蜘蛛群落组成与分布比较  

Comparison of Geographical Distribution of Spiders Community of Different Rice Fields of China

作　　者：石光波[1] 王洪全[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学动物学系,中国长沙410081

出　　处：《湖南师范大学自然科学学报》2001年第4期77-80,84,共5页Journal of Natural Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目 (39830 0 40 )

摘　　要：根据中国水稻所的“中国水稻种植区划”分区系统 ,按水稻分区研究了蜘蛛群落组成及其优势种的地理分布特点 .在全国六大稻作区内设 82个样点 ,以水稻抽穗期作一次性调查 ,所获标本经鉴定 ,计有 2 1科 ,74属 ,16 3种 ,优势种蜘蛛 8科 ,12属 ,2 6种 ,稻作区及稻作亚区之间 ,蜘蛛及其优势种蜘蛛科的变化不大 ,属的变化明显 ,种的变化最明显 .稻作区蜘蛛及其优势种类数 ,总分布趋势是从南向北逐渐递减 ,其中种数最多的亚区为“Ⅰ 1,闽粤桂台平原丘陵双季稻亚区” ,“Ⅰ 2 ,滇南河谷盆地单季稻亚区” ,“Ⅲ 2 ,滇川高原岭谷单季稻两熟亚区” ,最少的亚区为“Ⅴ 1,黑吉平原河谷特早熟亚区” ,“Ⅴ 2 ,黑吉平原河谷特早熟亚区”与“Ⅲ 3,青藏高寒河谷单季稻亚区” .According to the distribution system of the rice fields district of China which was made by the Rice Institution of China. The population composition, geographical distribution and dominant kinds of spiders in rice field were dealed with in this paper. Investigations on the structure and character of spider communities of rice field were carried out in 1999. There are about 163 species, 74 genera and 21 families of spiders in this type of fields among which, 8 families, 8 genera and 29 species are dominant ones. The change is more notable in species and in dominant species than the change in genera and in dominant genera, the change is more notable in genera and dominant genera than the change in families and dominant families. There is a decreasing tendency for spiders and dominant species to distribute from the South to the North. The amount of species is most abundant in the rice fields of South-east, South-west, and is least in the rice fields of North-east, North-west.

关 键 词：蜘蛛群落 稻作亚区 地理分布 群落组成 稻作区 优势种 稻田生态系统 

分 类 号：Q959.226[生物学—动物学] S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]