宁夏农村3岁以下儿童喂养方式现状分析  

Analysis on Current Situation of Breast-feeding of Children Under 3 Years Old in Rural Areas

作　　者：杨子尼[1] 潘建平[1] 颜虹[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一医院妇幼系,710061 [2]西安交通大学医学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2002年第1期65-67,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的　了解宁夏农村贫困地区 3岁以下回、汉族儿童喂养方式及辅食添加现状并比较民族间之差异 ,同时分析其与腹泻和贫血的关系。方法　横断面入户问卷调查的方法。在 6个抽样县逐级随机抽样 ,调查 3岁以下的儿童及母亲。样本量 1114例。结果　母乳喂养率回族儿童为 97 1% ,汉族为 98 4 % (P >0 0 5 ) ;纯母乳喂养率回、汉民族分别为 4 3 6 %和 4 5 6 % (P >0 0 5 ) ;开奶时间中位数回、汉族分别为 36 0和 2 4 0小时 ,回族明显晚于汉族 (P <0 0 5 ) ;平均母乳喂养持续时间回、汉族分别为 15 6和 15 8个月。合理辅食添加率回族为 4 7 4 % ,汉族为 6 3 7% (P<0 0 0 1) ;每周肉类添加率回族为 1 4 % ,汉族为 6 8% (P <0 0 1) ;每周鸡蛋添加率回族为 2 7 3% ,汉族为 4 8 8% (P>0 0 0 1) ;每周未添加任何动物性蛋白质辅食的回族儿童为 13 9% ,汉族为 8 5 % (P <0 0 0 5 ) ;母乳喂养与非母乳喂养时腹泻的发病率分别为 5 6 7%和 88 6 % ,经 χ2 检验 ,有统计学差异 ;每周添加动物蛋白与未添加动物蛋白时贫血的发病率分别为 3 5 %和 12 5 % (P <0 0 5 )。结论　宁夏农村母乳喂养率高 ,但纯母乳喂养率相对较低 ;在喂养方式上回、汉民族间无明显差别 ,只是回族开奶时间明显推迟 ;但回族儿童辅食添?Objective To learn the status of breast-feeding and complementary feeding of children under 3 years in Ninxia,and to compare differences of feeding situation between Hui minor nationality and Han nationality,a survey was conducted in 6 counties of NingXia province in China.Methods Cross sectional study and randomly sampling by household questionnaire investigation was conducted.The sample size was 1 114 .Results Breastfeeding rate in rural areas of NingXia as to Hui minor nationality and Han nationality were respectively 97.1% and 98.4%( P >0 05).There was no significant difference between the nationalities.Exclusive breastfeeding rates wre respectively 43.6% and 45.6%, P >0 05,there was no significant difference between the nationalities.However,on the rate of timely complementary foods,the rate of weekly intaking rich protein food and the time f begining breastfeeding,there were significant differences between the nationalities( P <0 05).Conclusion The rate of breastfeeding was high,but that of exclusive breastfeeding was low in the rural areas of Ningxia province,there was no significant difference between the nationalities,only the time of beginning breastfeeding of Hui minor nationality was later than that of Han nationality.Main problems were the improper time of complementary feeding and the low rates of children intaking rich protein at different ages,which were more obvious in hui nationality.There were significant differneces between the nationalities,but not between female and male.Breastfeeding could reduce incidence of diarrhea,weekly rich protien food intake could reduce incidence of anemia.

关 键 词：母乳喂养 辅食添加 动物蛋白 儿童 宁夏 农村 

分 类 号：R174.4[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]