超声乳化白内障吸除手术并发症原因的临床观察及防治原则  

Analysis, prospect and treatment of causes of phacoemulsification complications

作　　者：王文清[1] 贾丽丽[1] 杨冠[1] 宋雪玲[1] 邹俊[1] 马晓昀[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市第六人民医院眼科,200233

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2001年第5期325-327,共3页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的　探讨超声乳化白内障吸除手术并发症的发生原因及防治原则。方法　对 2 185例 (2 2 5 0只眼 )行超声乳化白内障吸除手术患者中发生并发症者 180例 (187只眼 )进行并发症种类及原因分析。结果　术中晶状体后囊膜破裂 70只眼 (3 1% ) ,虹膜损伤 16只眼 (0 7% ) ,虹膜脱出 6只眼 (0 3% ) ,角膜后弹力层撕脱 4只眼 (0 2 % ) ,晶状体核坠入玻璃体腔 3只眼 (0 1% ) ;术后角膜内皮水肿 89只眼 (4 0 % ) ,一过性高眼压 2 8只眼 (1 2 % ) ,黄斑囊样水肿 2 4只眼 (1 1% ) ,视网膜脱离 8只眼 (0 4% ) ,人工晶状体移位 8只眼 (0 4% ) ,瞳孔无张力 7只眼 (0 3% ) ,角膜失代偿 2只眼 (0 1% )。结论　术中晶状体后囊膜破裂及术后角膜水肿是超声乳化白内障吸除手术的主要并发症 ;随着手术技术的日趋成熟和普及 ,各类手术并发症将明显减少 ;出现并发症后应积极采取有效的治疗措施。Objective To analyse the causes of different complications of phacoemulsification and to investigate their principles of treatment and prevention. Method The causes of different complications in 187 (180 cases) of 2 250 eyes having undergone phacoemulsification were analyzed. Results Intraoperatively, the common complications of phacoemulsification were posterior capsular rupture in 70 eyes (3 1%), iris damage in 16 eyes (0 7%), iris prolapse in 6 eyes (0 3%), drop of lens fragments into vitreous in 3 eyes (0 1%) and tear of Descemet′s membrane in 4 eyes (0 2%). The common complications after the operation were corneal endothelial edema in 89 eyes (4 0%), corneal decompensation in 2 eyes (0 1%), temporary intraocular hypertension in 28 eyes (1 2%), pupillary dilatation in 7 eyes (0 3%), retinal detachment in 8 eyes (0 4%), cystoid macular edema in 24 eyes (1 1%) and displacement of intraocular lens in 8 eyes (0 4%). Conclusions The different complications can be diminished following the popularization and development of phacoemulsification. It should be properly managed once the complication has occurred, and good operative effects can be obtained.

关 键 词：超声乳化白内障吸除术 手术中并发症 手术后并发症 人工晶体植入术 白内障 

分 类 号：R779.66[医药卫生—眼科]