磷元素扩散模型在水陆复合生态系统研究中的应用  

Application of the Diffusion Model of Phosphorus in an Aquatic-Terrestrial Complex Ecosystem

作　　者：王青春[1] 吴钢[2] 邓红兵[1] 潘文斌[3,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心 [3]中国科学院水生生物研究所 [4]福州大学资源与环境工程系,福州350002

出　　处：《生态学报》2002年第1期68-72,共5页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"九五"科技攻关项目 ( 96 -92 0 -0 4 -1 2 );国家自然科学基金 ( 39970 1 2 3)资助项目

摘　　要：以梅子垭村的一个小集水区及与之相邻的梅子垭水库为研究对象 ,根据降雨过程中集水区产生的径流输入及在水库库湾不同取样点上所取水样的分析结果 ,初步建立了 P元素在库湾中的一维 A.B.卡拉乌舍夫扩散模型 ,并对水库的水质状况与对应小流域的植被类型的特征之间的关系进行了分析。研究结果表明 ,水库水质与毗邻陆地生态系统的状况密切相关 ,以经济效益为主要目的的对陆地生态系统的过度开发将导致水库水质恶化 ;因此有必要将水陆生态系统综合考虑 ,以达到水陆复合生态系统的最大生态及经济效益。Nutrition condition of waters is an important and synthetical expression of various nutrients and the relationship between these nutrients and different kinds of organisms in aquatic ecosystems. Water nutrition condition is also one of the most important factors that influence the utilization of water resources. It is obviously significant for guiding the decision policy on the utilization of water resources to study water nutrition condition. Aquatic ecosystems are easy to be suffered from the influences of life processes and natural processes in near-by banks and its adjacent terrestrial areas. Therefore, it is important to, establish diffusion models of some important nutrients from surface runoff input into aquatic ecosystems, to analyze their influences on the aquatic ecosystems, and to feed back for regulation and control the terrestrial ecosystems within a catchment. Based on this, the optimal regulation and control on waters and the complex aquatic-terrestrial ecosystem can be realized. The nutrients in flowing waters, which carried by the runoff, can be diluted and diffused in the waters by physical process. This kind of phenomenon is complicated comparatively, and is usually a two-dimension diffusion. For the convenient in our research, two-dimension diffusion was simplified into one-dimension diffusion. The diffusion process of phosphorus (P), the chief limited factor of living productivity in freshwater ecosystems and an important index for eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems is studied in this research. The studying area is located in Meiziya Village, Yichang Country, Hubei Province. A small catchment, whose area is about 4.5 hm 2, and its adjacent Meiziya reservoir were studied in our research. The catchment, were covered with barelands, grasslands, vegetable plots, Cupressus forests, and citrus orchards. All the runoff from the catchment, was imported into the Meiziya reservoir by a drain, and so could be considered as point resource pollution to the aquatic ecosystem. Based on measured data o

关 键 词：扩散模型 磷元素 水库 集水区 水陆复合生态系统 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]