普通番茄的受精过程及胚胎发育的研究  

Studies on the Fertilization and Embryogenesis of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill

作　　者：申书兴[1] 邹道谦[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺系

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》1989年第4期81-87,共7页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

摘　　要：本文对番茄的双受精过程和胚胎发育进行了详细观察,并进行了组织化学研究。1.番茄的胚珠倒生。胚囊为8核,受精前两个极核合并为次生核;2.珠孔受精。花粉管经由一个助细胞进入胚囊;3.大多数情况下,授粉后24小时至72小时,发生双受精。雄性核仁同卵核仁合并较雄性核仁和次生核仁合并的晚;4.授粉后24至48小时,初生胚乳细胞第一次分裂形成二细胞胚乳,胚乳发育为细胞型,5.合子在授粉后4天时,分裂为二细胞原胚。受精作用属有丝分裂前类型;6.胚胎发育属于茄型;7.平均每个子房有一半左右的胚珠能受精,并发育成种子。The author made detailed observation and histochemical investigation on the fertilization and embryogenesis of tomatoes.The results are sumarized as follows. 1.The ovule of tomato is anatropous.Embryo sac is 8-nucleated. Before fertilization,two polar nuclei fused together forming the secondary nucleus. 2.Porogamy.The pollen tube entered into the embryo sac via one synergid. 3.In most cases,about 24—72 hours after pollination,double fertilization occured.During the process of fertilization,two sperms entered into egg nucleus and secondary nucleus respectively.The fertilization completed,in centrol cell obviously earlier than that in egg cell. 4.About 24—48 hours after pollination,the primary endosperm cells showed first mitosis forming 2—cell endosperm.The development of the endosperm was the ceil type. 5.About 72 hours after pollination,the egg cell completed fertili- zation.About 96 hours after pollination,the zygote divided into 2-cell proembryo. 6.The embryogenesis is of the solanad type.

关 键 词：番茄 授粉 受精 胚胎学 

分 类 号：S641.201[农业科学—蔬菜学]