我国食物和环境氚所致居民剂量  

Committed effective dose to Chinese residents caused by tritium in food and environmental water

作　　者：任天山[1] 赵秋芬[1] 陈炳如 高平印 陈佳慎[4] 邓国伦 匡云谷[6] 刘岩[1] 王伟华 刘祖森[4] 傅晓华 张永红 朱国英 

机构地区：[1]北京卫生部工业卫生实验所,100088 [2]上海市放射医学研究所 [3]甘肃省放射卫生防护监督监测所 [4]深圳市卫生防疫站 [5]四川省工业卫生实验所 [6]浙江省卫生防疫站

出　　处：《中华放射医学与防护杂志》2001年第6期463-468,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection

基　　金：卫生部基金资助项目 (法制监督 990 6 0 1补 )

摘　　要：目的　研究 90年代初我国第一个核电站商业运行前我国居民经食物、饮水和空气途径的年氚摄入量和氚致待积有效剂量。方法　根据我国食物和环境氚调查的氚浓度数据、我国居民空气、饮水和食物摄入量数据和ICRP72号出版物推荐的剂量系数 ,用MSOffice软件进行计算和归因分析。结果　计算了氚致我国各地区成年、少年、幼儿组经诸途径的年氚摄入量和待积有效剂量。我国成人、少年和幼儿平均每年的氚摄入量分别为 16 2 0 0 ,116 0 0和 80 40Bq a,氚致待积有效剂量分别为 0 .5 3 ,0 .5 2和 0 .75 μSv a。 结论　我国氚致居民剂量的主要来源是食物 ,特别是食物中的有机结合氚 ,食物氚致剂量对 3个年龄组平均约占 87%。Objective\ To estimate the annual tritium intake and the tritium committed effective dose to the public in the early 1990s. Methods\ The calculation was based on the tritium data obtained through a nation\|wide investigation program on tritium concentration in Chinese foodstuffs,air and water.Dose coefficients given in ICRP 72 Publication and proper data on annual intakes of air,water and foodstuffs of the Chinese people were used for the estimation. Results\ The annual tritium intake through air,water and food pathways and the committed effective dose for Chinese adults,juveniles and infants are as follows,respectively: 16 200 , 11 600 and 8 040 Bq/a for the intake,and 0.53,0.52 and 0.75 μSv/a for the committed effective dose. Conclusion\ The annual committed effective dose to the Chinese adults,juveniles and infants mainly comes from food tritium,constituting about 87% of the total,paricularly from organically bound tritium.\;

关 键 词：氚 摄入量 氚致待积有效剂量 食物 环境水 

分 类 号：R14[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]