试论中国陆相油气侧向源——碰撞造山成岩成矿模式的拓展和运用  

The Lateral Source of the Continental Oil and Gas of China:Extension and Application of the CPMF Model

作　　者：陈衍景[1] 张静[1] 刘丛强[2] 何顺东[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学地质学系,100871 [2]中国科学院贵阳地球化学研究所,550002 [3]中国科学院地质地球物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《地质论评》2001年第3期261-271,共11页Geological Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号49972035;49672119);国家攀登预选39号项目;国家科技攻关305项目;教育部跨世纪人才基金

摘　　要：笔者根据我国陆相盆地富油、海相地层贫油、“盆小油量大”、油气与金属—非金属矿床伴生等特点,提出油气成藏物质侧向源的观点,依据碰撞造山成岩成矿与流体作用模式(CPMF)分析盆山转变过程中流体产生、运移、有机—无机分离和富集的机制,建立了盆山转换过程流体作用与油气侧向源模式。从油气田富集金属元素,造山带金属矿床成矿流体含烃类等有机组分,盆地沉积所堆积的有机质随盆山转换而形成油气,现代油气盆地与造山带金属矿集区空间耦合等4个方面论证了油气成藏物质侧向源的客观性和流体运移成藏模式的科学性。讨论了中国陆相油气藏的形成和分布规律,提出了今后油气勘查的方向。On the basis of several geological facts, such as the continental basins are often rich in oil while the marine strata are lacking of significant oil fields, small inland basins contain rich oil and gas, and that oil and gas are associated with metallic-nonmetallic deposits, this paper suggests that a lateral oil-gas source may be responsible for the distribution and formation of oil and gas fields in the mainland of China. In the light of the CPMF model (model for collisional petrogenesis, metallogenesis and fluidization), the authors attempt to analyze the mechanism of the fluid generation and migration as well as fractionation and enrichment of its organic and anorganic components, and consequently, propose a model for fluidization and lateral oil-gas source during the transformation from basin to orogen. The objectivity and scientificity of this model are illustrated in four aspect-s, i.e. the intensive enrichment of metallogenic elements in the present oil-gas fields, the abundant discoveries of organic components such as hydrocarbons in ore fluids in the erogenic metallic ores, the production of oil and gas from the transformation of organic matter in sediments during the basin-orogen transformation, and the spatio-temporal coupling of oil-bearing basins and orogenic metallogenic provinces. Finally, laws in formation and distribution of the continental oil-gas fields in the mainland of China are discussed, and the direction for exploration of petroleum is pointed out.

关 键 词：陆相油气田 盆山转换 油气侧向源 低温热液金属矿床 碰撞造山成岩成矿模式 中国 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]