红收获蚁信息素的鉴定  

Identification of Recruitment Pheromones in the Harvester Ant Genus Pogonomyrmex

作　　者：刘跃[1] 刘颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学化学系,哈尔滨15008

出　　处：《分析化学》2002年第3期298-300,共3页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究资助项目 (10 5 110 3 3 )

摘　　要：利用色谱 质谱联机技术 ,在红收获蚁P .barbatus和P .maricopa的毒腺体样品中检测到召引信息素甲基吡嗪 (MP)、2 ,5 二甲基吡嗪 (DMP)、3 乙基 2 ,5 二甲基吡嗪 (EDMP)、和三甲基吡嗪 (TMP)。利用特征离子色谱技术 ,在P .barbatus样品中还检测到了含 6个碳原子侧链烃基的吡嗪X。根据吡嗪X的质谱图推测其结构为 3 仲丁基 2 ,5 二甲基吡嗪 (BDMP)。P .barbatus中DMP ,TMP和EDMP的平均相对百分比分别为 6 0 .71、2 6 .4 9、12 .80 ;标准偏差分别为 6 .91、4 .92、5 .11;P .maricopa中平均相对百分比和标准偏差分别为 4 7.4 8、2 0 35、32 .17和 15 .0 5、4 .0 5、15 .4Recruitment pheromones, methyl-(MP), 2,5-dimethyl-(DMP), trimethyl-(TMP), and 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-(EDMP) pyrazines,have been identified in poison gland samples of Pogonomyrmex Maricopa and in Pogonomyrmex barbatus by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A pyrazine with a side-chain of 6 carbons was detected in P. barbatus by ion chromatogram. technique. The mass spectrum strongly suggested that the pyrazine was 3-(1-methylpropyl)-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine. The peak of this pyrazine appeared much later in the chromatogram is merged with the peak of a 14 carbon-atom alkane, which has not been separated by changing the chromatographic conditions. Since pyrazines are short-lived non-species-specific pheromones and hydrocarbons usually have species-specific function, the bulk carbon side chain and the pyrazine function group in this pyrazine suggests that the pyrazine should have a long-lived species-specific pheromone effect. The average percentages of the three main pyrazines (DMP, TMP, and EDMP) are 60.71, 26.49 and 12.80 respectively in P. barbatus, and 47.48, 20. 35 and 32.17 respectively in P. maricopa. The standard deviation are 6.9,, 4.9, 5.1 and 15.1, 4.1, 15.4 respectively. The major components of the glands are hydrocarbons, any one of which possesses a longer retention time than that of any pyrazine. Pyrazine peaks appear very early. Any one of the pyrazine peaks is much smaller than any hydrocarbon peak. These facts conform to the general feature of pheromones that the pheromones are volatilizable and that the amount of pheromones is small.

关 键 词：毒腺 色谱-质谱联机技术 烷基吡嗪 红收获蚁 化学信息素 鉴定 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学]